摘要
焦虑障碍是以过度恐惧和焦虑以及行为紊乱为特征的精神疾病,全球患病率为7.3%[1],我国焦虑障碍的终身患病率已达到7.6%[2]。焦虑障碍严重影响患者的工作和生活,给社会带来巨大的疾病负担。目前关于焦虑障碍的确切发病机制尚不清楚,临床上主要应用抗抑郁药和苯二氮卓类药物进行治疗,存在起效慢、副作用大等缺点。杏仁核是恐惧、焦虑等负性情绪调控的重要脑区,当对杏仁核的抑制性调控减弱时,会导致杏仁核内部神经元活动异常兴奋,增加实验动物的焦虑样行为[3]。
The amygdala is an important brain region,where inhibitory neurons play key roles in the modulation of anxiety.The major subregions of the amygdala,including the basolateral amygdala(BLA)and the central amygdala(CeA),have different subtypes of inhibitory neurons that are categorized by specific protein expressions.Understanding how these inhibitory neuron subtypes regulate anxiety is important for identifying the neurological basis of anxiety disorders.However,little progress has been made in this regard due to the limitations of experimental techniques.The development and application of genetic engineering and optogenetics in the field of neuroscience enables precise manipulation of the activity and investigation of the function of a locally dense group of neurons expressing the same biomarker.Moreover,they provide effective methods for the functional study of different subtypes of inhibitory neurons in the amygdala.This study presents a literature review on inhibitory neurons in the amygdala in anxiety and,in particular,the neuronal activity and molecular mechanisms that modulate anxiety,to promote a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying anxiety and provide new strategies for the treatment of associated disorders.
作者
周晗
郭明
ZHOU Han;GUO Ming(Department of Psycology,Medical Research Center,Binzhou Medical University Hospital,the First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University,Binzhou 256603,China)
出处
《中国病理生理杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第7期1296-1301,共6页
Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.81771458)
山东省重点研发计划项目(No.2018GSF118181)。
