摘要
苏、荆芥、薄荷既是香料又可入药,皆为唇形科植物,具有一定相似性。为厘清苏、荆芥、薄荷古今关系,本文以历代本草文献为基础,对三者进行本草学研究。经考证,发现苏有紫苏、白苏、水苏、假苏等。紫苏是唇形科植物紫苏Perilla frutescens及其变种;白苏是紫苏的栽培变异;水苏又名鸡苏,为唇形科植物水苏Stachys japonica之类;假苏似苏而非苏,为唇形科植物裂叶荆芥Schizonepeta tenuifolia之类,与今药用荆芥相同。荆芥又名姜芥、假苏,有反鱼蟹河豚之说。薄荷即现今唇形科植物薄荷Mentha haplocalyx,而“薄荷醉猫”中的“薄荷”应该是拟荆芥Nepeta cataria。
Perilla,schizonepeta and peppermint are plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family,commonly used as both spices and medicines.This study aims to clarify the ancient and modern relationships among perilla,schizonepeta and peppermintby examining various herbal literature throughout the ages.The investigation reveals that perilla includes purple perilla,white perilla,water perilla,fake perilla,etc.Purple perilla refers to the Lamiaceae plant of Perilla frutescens and its variants;White perilla is a cultivated variation of purple perilla;Water perilla,also known as chicken perilla,belongs to the Lamiaceae plant such as Stachys japonica;Fake perilla,which is similar to perilla but is not of the same species,may refer to a Lamiaceae plant such as Schizoepeta tenuifolia,which is the same as today's medicinal Schizonepeta tenuifolia.Schizonepetae,also known as ginger mustard or fake perilla,is believed to have repellent properties against fish,crabs,and pufferfish.Peppermint is the current Lamiaceae plant of Mentha haplocalyx,and the“peppermint”in“peppermint makes cat drunk”should be Nepeta cataria.
作者
王家葵
WANG Jia-kui(Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine)
出处
《中国食品药品监管》
2023年第6期118-123,共6页
China Food & Drug Administration Magazine
关键词
苏
荆芥
薄荷
本草考证
perilla
schizonepeta
peppermint
herbal textual research
