摘要
《国家重点保护野生动物名录》是指导开展物种保护工作,尤其是受威胁物种拯救计划的重要法律依据之一。新版《国家重点保护野生动物名录》于2021年公布和实施,这是32年来首次对该名录的重大调整。本文以新版《国家重点保护野生动物名录》为基础,归纳整理后确定其共有1,520种(含亚种),通过选取具有代表性和与保护相关的4种野生动物名录,统计分析同一物种在不同名录间的保护与受威胁或受关注等级。结果显示,新版《国家重点保护野生动物名录》扩大了保护范围,在我们前期整理的1989年旧版名录收录的482种(含亚种)基础上,增加了1,038种(国家一级新增43种,国家二级新增995种),物种的保护等级也有调整(一级降级3种,二级升级66种,等级不变共413种),但依据《中国生物多样性红色名录:脊椎动物》(2021版),我国仍有超过半数的受威胁物种未被新版《国家重点保护野生动物名录》收录。建议未来对《国家重点保护野生动物名录》进行调整时全面关注物种的受威胁等级,将受威胁物种全部纳入重点保护物种之列,以推进我国受威胁物种全面和有效保护。若将受威胁等级为极危和濒危的物种列为国家一级重点保护野生动物,则可将现有的164种国家二级重点保护野生动物升级为国家一级重点保护野生动物,并新增162种国家一级重点保护野生动物;若将受威胁等级为易危的物种列为国家二级重点保护野生动物,则新增340种国家二级重点保护野生动物。同时,建议构建国家重点保护野生动物名录综合数据库以实现对名录的规范化和动态管理。
Aims:The List of State Key Protected Wild Animals is a crucial legal foundation that guides the implementation of species conservation efforts,especially rescue plans for endangered species.The recently published and implement 2021 version of the List of State Key Protected Wild Animals,represents the first major revision in 32 years and is of immense importance for biodiversity conservation in China.Our study aims to assess the efficacy of its species conservation measures dictated by the List,offer insights,and aid future revisions.Methods:Our study has summarized and organized a total of 1,520 species(with subspecies)based on the new version of the List of State Key Protected Wild Animals.We then selected four wildlife lists that are representative and relevant to conservation and conducted a statistical analysis of the conservation status and level of threat for the same species across different lists.Results:The results indicate that the new version of the List of State Key Protected Wild Animals has broadened the scope of wildlife protection by adding 1,038 species to the previous list of 482 species(with subspecies)which was compiled in 1989,as we previously summarized.Of the new additions,43 species have been categorized as national category I and 995 as national category II.Moreover,the protection category of some species has also been revised(3 species downgraded to national category I,66 species upgraded to national category II,and 413 species in total maintaining the same category).However,despite these positive changes,according to China’s Red List of Biodiversity:Vertebrates(2021 Edition)more than half of the endangered species in China are still not covered in the new version of the List of State Key Protected Wild Animals.Conclusion:To promote the comprehensive and effective protection of endangered species in China,it is recommended that future adjustments to the List of State Key Protected Wild Animals give comprehensive attention to the endangered species on the list.If species in the Critically Endangered and Endangered categories are listed as national category I key protected wildlife,the existing 164 national category II key protected wildlife should be upgraded to national category I key protected wildlife,and 162 new wildlife species should be added to national category I key protected wildlife.Additionally,if species in the Vulnerable category are listed as national category II key protected wildlife,340 new national category II key protected wildlife should be added.A comprehensive database of the List of State Key Protected Wild Animals can be established to achieve standardized and dynamic management of the list.
作者
陈金锋
吴欣静
林海
崔国发
Jinfeng Chen;Xinjing Wu;Hai Lin;Guofa Cui(School of Ecology and Nature Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083)
出处
《生物多样性》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期186-198,共13页
Biodiversity Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(32171545)。
关键词
野生动物
保护名录
对比分析
物种保护
wildlife
conservation list
comparative analysis
species conservation
