摘要
本研究旨在揭示韩江流域的土地利用时空变化特征及其生态安全评估状况,为韩江流域土地资源的可持续利用提供相关科学依据。采用转移矩阵和主成分分析法分析土地利用变化和驱动力概况,在此基础上运用压力—状态—响应模型框架构建土地生态安全评价指标体系,并评估其土地生态安全状况。结果表明:1980—2020年间,建设用地增加1301.61 km^(2),耕地减少1013.89 km^(2),是韩江流域变化最显著的2种土地类型,两者相互转化,在空间上主要集中于流域东南部的潮汕平原地区;两大主要因素——经济发展和人口增长驱动流域的城市化进程,加剧建设用地与生态用地之间的矛盾;2000—2019年韩江流域的土地生态安全等级变化为“较不安全级—不安全级—较不安全级”,土地生态环境呈现恶化后逐渐改善的过程。韩江流域的土地生态安全状况与土地利用变化密切相关,并长期处于不稳定的态势,需要通过调整土地利用格局来缓解土地生态安全压力。
The study aims to reveal the spatio-temporal change characteristics of land use and the ecological security assessment of the change in Hanjiang River Basin,and provide a scientific basis for the sustainable use of land resources in the basin.Based on the exploration of land use change and its driving forces obtained by transfer matrix and principal component analysis,the evaluation index system of land ecological security was established by using pressure—state—response model,to further evaluate the land ecological security.The results showed that from 1980 to 2020,the construction land and the cultivated land,the two most significant land types in Hanjiang River Basin,increased by 1301.61 km^(2) and decreased by 1013.89 km^(2) respectively.They converted to each other and spatially concentrated in Chaoshan plain in the southeast of the basin.Economic development and population growth were the two main factors promoting the urbanization process of the basin,and aggravated the contradiction between the construction land and the ecological land.From 2000 to 2019,the level of land ecological security in Hanjiang River Basin changed following a path of“relatively unsafe—unsafe—relatively unsafe”,indicating that the land ecological environment was gradually improved after deterioration.In conclusion,in Hanjiang River Basin,the land ecological security is closely related to the land use change and has been in an unstable state for a long term.So it is necessary to adjust the land use pattern to alleviate the pressure on land ecological security.
作者
管雅芳
焦阳
臧传富
GUAN Yafang;JIAO Yang;ZANG Chuanfu(School of Geography,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510000)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2023年第20期91-99,共9页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
广东林业生态监测网络建设平台项目(2021-KYXM-09-001)
国家自然科学基金项目“大兴安岭地区兴安落叶松林蒸散对冻土冻融的响应机制研究”(31660233)。
关键词
韩江流域
土地利用变化
生态安全评估
驱动力
时空变化特征
压力—状态—响应模型
Hanjiang River Basin
land use change
ecological security assessment
driving force
spatiotemporal change characteristics
pressure-state-response model
