摘要
为客观准确的评价间伐改形对成龄乔化密闭富士苹果树体叶片质量的影响,筛选出间伐改形最佳处理水平,为密闭果园树体的科学改造提供理论依据。以17年生密闭红富士苹果园为研究对象,对间伐改形和对照(不间伐改形)树体不同部位叶片的光合特性、荧光特性、组织结构和生理参数等22个指标进行系统比较分析,并应用主成分分析法对不同处理水平的叶片质量进行综合评价。结果表明,间伐改形可显著改善叶片的光合参数、荧光参数、组织结构和生理指标;对其中19个差异显著的指标进行主成分分析,其第1主成分的方差贡献率为90.80%,第2主成分的方差贡献率为5.35%,前2个主成分的累计方差贡献率达96.15%,即这2个主成分涵盖了原始数据信息总量的96.15%,分别为光合特性、荧光特性、组织结构和生理指标等,这与苹果生产中对优质叶片的指标要求完全相符。以前2个主成分的线性回归方程和贡献率构建了不同处理水平叶片质量综合评价模型,得到6个处理水平叶片质量综合得分排名:间伐改形中上部(T-Ⅰ)>对照不间伐改形中上部(CK-Ⅰ)>间伐改形下部外围(T-Ⅱ)>间伐改形下部内膛(T-Ⅲ)>对照不间伐改形下部外围(CK-Ⅱ)>对照不间伐改形下部内膛(CK-Ⅲ)。表明间伐改形是提高成龄乔化密闭果园树体叶片质量的有效措施。
To accurately evaluate the effects of thinning and reshaping on the leaf quality of mature arborized and dense Fuji apple trees so as to select the optimum thinning and reshaping practices for apple trees as well as to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific reshaping of dense orchard trees,17-year-old dense red Fuji apple orchards were taken as the research object,22 indexes such as photosynthetic characteristics,fluorescence characteristics,tissue structure and physiological parameters of leaves at different parts of the treebodies,using thinning and reshaping or not(the control),were systematically compared and analyzed,and the quality of leaves at different treatment levels was comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis.The results showed that thinning and reshaping could significantly improve the photosynthetic parameters,fluorescence parameters,tissue structure and physiological indexes of leaves.Principal component analysis was performed on 19 indexes with significant differences,the variance contribution rate of the first principal component was 90.80%,and the variance contribution rate of the second principal component was 5.35%,the cumulative variance contribution rate of the first two principal components reached 96.15%,which were photosynthetic characteristics,fluorescence characteristics,tissue structure and physiological indexes,and were consistent with the high-quality leaf indexes in apple production practice.The linear regression equation and contribution rate of the first two principal components were used to construct a comprehensive evaluation model of leaf quality at different treatment levels,and the comprehensive score ranking of leaf quality at 6 treatment levels was obtained,i.e.,middle and upper part thinning modification(T-I)>middle and upper part in the control(CK-I)>lower periphery thinning modification(T-II)>lower inner hall thinning modification(T-Ⅲ)>lower periphery in the control(CK-II)>lower inner hall in the control(CK-Ⅲ).It could be seen that thinning and reshaping is an effective measure to improve the leaf quality of mature trees in dense orchards.
作者
牛军强
尹晓宁
董铁
孙文泰
马明
NIU Junqiang;YIN Xiaoning;DONG Tie;SUN Wentai;MA Ming(Institute of Forestry,Fruits and Floriculture,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China)
出处
《寒旱农业科学》
2023年第7期631-638,共8页
Journal of Cold-Arid Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金(32160683、31760556)
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1602107)
国家苹果产业技术体系平凉综合试验站(GARS-27)
农业农村部西北地区果树科学观测试验站(S-10-18)。
关键词
苹果
富士
间伐改形
主成分分析
叶片质量
陇东
Apple
Fuji
Thinning and reshaping
Principal component analysis
Leaf quality
Longdong
