摘要
针对固体推进剂所面临的Al粉燃烧不充分和微纳尺度下组分偏聚两大关键问题,采用组分复合技术设计制备一种将氧化剂AP包覆在氟化物改性Al粉表面的含能微单元Al@PFPE@AP核壳型粉体,通过扫描电子显微镜、激光粒度仪、氧弹量热仪、电感耦合等离子发射光谱仪以及X射线衍射仪等对微单元粉体的形貌、粒径、燃烧性能以及燃烧产物进行分析。结果表明:含能微单元Al@PFPE@AP呈现明显的核壳结构,粒径较均一;当PFPE的添加量为5%(质量分数)时,相比于机械混合样品(AP+Al),Al@5%PFPE@AP的燃烧热值提高了63.8%,燃烧产物粒径减小了61.8%,燃烧产物中活性铝含量减少57%以上;PFPE可以与Al粉发生预点火反应,增加Al粉的反应活性,并且Al粉表面对AP分解有催化作用,使AP的高温分解温度和低温分解温度分别降低了12℃和10℃;核壳型微单元结构对体系燃烧性能的提升有明显的促进作用,能够大幅度提高推进剂主要组分燃烧时的能量水平。
An Al-based energetic micro-unit Al@PFPE@AP fuel powder with the oxidant AP coated on the surface of fluoride-modified Al powder was designed and prepared by the component composite technique to address the two major problems of incomplete combustion and component polarization of Al powder in solid propellants.The morphology,particle size,combustion properties and combustion products of the micro-unit powder were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy,laser particle size measurement,oxygen bomb calorimetry,inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry and X-ray diffraction.The results show that the energetic microunits Al@PFPE@AP present a more obvious core-shell structure with uniform particle size,and when the addition amount of PFPE is 5%,the combustion heat value of Al@5%PFPE@AP is increased by 63.86%,the particle size of combustion products is decreased by 61.83%,and the active aluminum content of combustion products is decreased by more than 57%compared with the mechanically mixed AP+Al samples.Combustion mechanism analysis shows that PFPE can occur with Al powder pre-ignition reaction,increase the reaction activity of Al powder,and the surface of Al powder has a catalytic effect on the decomposition of AP,which reduces AP high temperature decomposition temperature and low temperature decomposition temperature were reduced by 12℃ and 10℃respectively.The micro-unit structure has a significant contribution to the improvement of the combustion performance of the system and can substantially increase the energy performance of the important propellant components during combustion.
作者
刘庆东
吴祝骏
李苗苗
徐一锋
辛喜鹏
徐济进
宋雪峰
LIU Qingdong;WU Zhujun;LI Miaomiao;XU Yifeng;XIN Xipeng;XU Jijin;SONG Xuefeng(School of Materials Science&Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Shanghai Space Propulsion Technology Research Institute,Huzhou 313000,Zhejiang,China;Shenzhen Research Institute&Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shenzhen 518063,Guangdong,China)
出处
《航空材料学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期102-110,共9页
Journal of Aeronautical Materials
基金
上海航天技术研究院-上海交大航天先进技术联合研究中心项目(USCAST2019-32、USCAST2022-43)
上海市自然科学基金项目(22ZR1432500)
中央引导地方科技发展基金自由探索类基础研究(2021Szvup074)
航天科技集团应用创新计划(C88B4851)。
关键词
Al粉
含能微单元
燃烧性能
Al powder
energetic microunit
combustion performance
