摘要
目的调查分析综合性三甲医院医务人员的心理压力状态及其影响因素。方法本研究为横断面调查。采用便利抽样法,于2022年2月25日至6月16日对青岛大学附属医院的医务人员(共2048名)进行问卷调查,问卷包括压力自评问卷(SSQ-53)、焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表。共发放问卷2048份,回收2048份,有效问卷2006份(97.95%),最终2006名纳入分析。根据量表结果将其分为心理压力增高组和非心理压力增高组,并采用描述性分析、独立样本t检验/卡方检验、相关性分析等方法分析医务人员的心理压力状态及相关因素分布情况,采用logistic多因素回归分析其影响因素。结果2006名研究对象中心理压力增高310名(15.5%)。女性在生理维度(14.7%比8.0%,χ2=12.40,P<0.001)及情绪维度(18.2%比13.5%,χ2=5.04,P=0.025)的压力增高均显著高于男性。心理压力水平与焦虑症状及抑郁症状均呈正相关(r=0.810、0.749,均P<0.001)。单因素分析显示,女性(χ2=6.76,P=0.009)、低学历(Z=-2.50,P=0.012)、护士(χ2=15.72,P<0.001)、工作于急诊科(χ2=13.64,P=0.009)的医务人员心理压力增高率更高,而心理压力增高组的血清钙水平低于非心理压力增高组(t=2.82,P=0.005)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,低学历(OR:2.238,95%CI:1.090~4.597,P=0.028)、工作于急诊科(OR:1.589,95%CI:1.012~2.493,P=0.044)是医务人员心理压力增高的独立危险因素;而工作于行政后勤科室(OR:0.466,95%CI:0.229~0.950,P=0.036)、血清钙水平(OR:0.213,95%CI:0.059~0.760,P=0.017)与心理压力增高呈负相关。结论综合性三甲医院医务人员中,工作于急诊科及学历较低的医务人员面临更大的心理压力;血清钙水平与心理压力增高负相关,但其因果关系尚需进一步研究。
Objective To investigate and analyze the psychological stress status and influencing factors of medical staff in comprehensive grade A hospitals.Methods This was a cross-sectional survey using a convenient sampling method.A questionnaire survey was conducted among 2048 staff members of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from February 25 to June 16,2022.The questionnaires included the Self-rating Stress Questionnaire(SSQ-53),the Self-rating Anxiety Scale,and the Self-rating Depression Scale.A total of 2048 questionnaires were distributed and 2048 were collected.Among them,2006(97.95%)were valid questionnaires,and 2006 medical staff were ultimately included in the analysis.According to the results of the scale,they were divided into the increased psychological stress group and the non increased psychological stress group.Descriptive analysis,independent sample t-test/chi-square test,correlation analysis,and other methods were used to analyze the psychological stress status of medical staff and the distribution of related factors,and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze their influencing factors.Results A total of 310(15.5%)out of 2006 study subjects showed increased psychological stress.Women had a statistically significant increase in physical(14.7%vs 8.0%,χ²=12.40,P<0.001)and emotional dimensions(18.2%vs 13.5%,χ²=5.04,P=0.025)of stress compared to men.The level of psychological stress was positively correlated with anxiety and depression(r=0.810,0.749,respectively,P<0.001).Univariate analysis showed that those who were women(χ²=6.76,P=0.009),with low education backgrounds(Z=-2.50,P=0.012),nurses(χ²=15.72,P<0.001),or working in emergency departments(χ²=13.64,P=0.009)had a higher rate of increased psychological stress,while the serum calcium level in the increased psychological stress group was lower than that in the non increased psychological stress group(t=2.82,P=0.005).Multivariate analysis showed that low educational backgrounds(OR=2.238,95%CI:1.090-4.597,P=0.028)and working in emergency department(OR=1.589,95%CI:1.012-2.493,P=0.044)were independent risk factors for increased psychological stress of medical staff.Working in administrative and logistics departments(OR=0.466,95%CI:0.229-0.950,P=0.036)and serum calcium level(OR=0.213,95%CI:0.059-0.760,P=0.017)were negatively correlated with increased psychological stress.Conclusions In comprehensive grade A hospitals,medical staff working in the emergency department or with lower educational backgrounds face greater psychological stress.Serum calcium level is negatively correlated with increased psychological stress,but the causal relationship needs further study.
作者
任金岩
高飞
郑迎梅
王心凤
万论论
陈伟芬
孙英
王燕
Ren Jinyan;Gao Fei;Zheng Yingmei;Wang Xinfeng;Wan Lunlun;Chen Weifen;Sun Ying;Wang Yan(Health Management Center,the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao 266555,China;Department of Hand and Foot Surgery,the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao 266555,China)
出处
《中华健康管理学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2023年第7期544-548,共5页
Chinese Journal of Health Management
关键词
医务人员
心理压力
焦虑
抑郁
压力自评问卷
影响因素
Medical staff
Psychological stress
Anxiety
Depression
Self-rating stress questionnaire
Influencing factors
