摘要
作物在生长发育过程中常常会遭受到多种不同的病原菌侵染,如细菌、真菌、病毒、线虫等,造成严重的病害,严重影响作物的产量和品质,威胁粮食安全。当前化学农药在保护作物免受病害侵染,提高作物产量和品质、保障粮食安全等方面发挥着积极的作用。尽管化学农药仍然是防治作物病害的主要途径,然而滥用和大量使用化学农药,带来了一系列的环境与社会问题。因此,迫切需要寻找生态安全和可持续的技术或方法用于作物病害防控。近年来,随着纳米材料研究的不断深入,纳米材料被广泛应用于植物病害防控,为纳米材料成为现代化农业高效生产和可持续发展的强有力工具奠定了基础。因此,为进一步理解和应用纳米材料,阐述纳米技术在作物病害防控中的研究进展。首先,阐述作物病害防控相关的纳米材料的种类,主要包含金属纳米材料、氧化型纳米材料、碳基纳米材料、纳米复合材料等。其次,重点论述不同类型的纳米材料在作物病害防控中的应用及防控机制研究进展,如纳米材料在病毒病害防控中的应用及防控机制研究、纳米材料在真菌病害防控中的应用及防控机制研究、纳米材料在细菌病害防控中的应用及防控机制研究和纳米材料在线虫病害防控中的应用及防控机制研究。最后,展望纳米材料在农业病害防控中的研究重点和方向。
During the process of growth and development,crops often suffer from many kind of pathogens infection,such as,bacteria,fungi,viruses,oomycetes,and nematodes,leading to serious diseases and affect crop yield and quality that threaten food security.At present,chemical pesticides play an active role in protecting crops from diseases,improving crop yield and quality,and ensuring food security.Although chemical pesticides are still the main way to control crop diseases,the abuse and extensive application of chemical pesticides have brought about a series of environmental and social problems.Therefore,ecologically safer and more sustainable technologies or methods for crop disease control are urgently sought.In recent years,with the deep development of nanomaterials,nanomaterials have been widely used in the prevention and control of plant diseases,which lays a foundation for nanomaterials to become a powerful tool for efficient production and sustainable development of modern agriculture.Therefore,in order to further understand and apply nanomaterials,the research progress of nanotechnology in crop disease prevention and control was reviewed in this paper.Firstly,the types of nanomaterials related to crop disease control were described.It mainly includes metal nanomaterials,oxidized nanomaterials,carbon-based nanomaterials,nanocomposites and so on.Secondly,the application and prevention mechanism of different types of nanomaterials in crop disease prevention and control were discussed.such as,application and prevention mechanism of nanomaterials in virus disease prevention and control,application and prevention mechanism of nanomaterials in the prevention and control of fungal diseases,application and prevention mechanism of nanomaterials in the prevention and control of bacterial diseases and application and prevention mechanism of nanomaterials in the control of nematode disease.Finally,the future research focus and direction of nanomaterials in the prevention and control of agricultural diseases are prospected.
作者
朱峰
杭晨
陈龙发
黄诚睿
赵海婷
ZHU Feng;HANG Chen;CHEN Long-fa;HUANG Cheng-rui;ZHAO Hai-ting(College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou Jiangsu 225009,China)
出处
《沈阳农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期361-371,共11页
Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University
基金
江苏省高等学校大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202111117092Y)
江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(20)3128)
扬州大学“高端人才支持计划”项目(20220115)。
关键词
纳米材料
病害防控
病毒病害
真菌病害
细菌病害
线虫病害
nanomaterials
disease prevention and control
virus disease
fungal disease
bacterial disease
nematode disease
