摘要
龋病是发生在牙体硬组织的慢性感染性疾病,口腔微生物、宿主、食物、时间的相互作用导致了龋病的发生发展。其中游离糖是龋病发生的一个重要食物因素。本文就近年来游离糖与龋病关系的研究进展作一综述,为进一步阐明游离糖引起龋病发生发展的机制和探索龋病预防的方法提供参考。游离糖的致龋机制是多方面的,其不仅可被牙菌斑生物膜中的口腔微生物利用产酸和合成细胞内外多糖,还可引起口腔微生态失调并增强与口腔微生物致龋毒力相关的基因表达。基于游离糖与龋病的相关性,限制游离糖的摄入量和频率在龋病预防中至关重要,这包括制定减糖公共卫生政策、创造低糖家庭环境和建立良好饮食习惯、使用糖代品并结合使用氟化物等。目前关于游离糖和口腔微生态关系的研究较少,未来仍需深入揭示游离糖对口腔微生态的影响及其机制,以及验证各种减糖措施的防龋效果,为今后龋病的有效预防开拓新方向。
Caries is a chronic infectious disease that occurs in the hard tissues of teeth.The interaction of oral microorganisms,host,food and time leads to the occurrence and progression of caries.Free sugar is an important food factor in the occurrence of dental caries.This paper reviews the research progress on the relationship between free sugar and caries in recent years,providing a reference for further clarifying the mechanism of the occurrence and progression of caries caused by free sugar and exploring the methods of caries prevention.The cariogenic mechanism of free sugar is multifaceted.Free sugar can not only be used by oral microorganisms in dental plaque biofilms to produce acid and synthesize intracellular and extracellular polysaccharides but also cause an imbalance in oral microecology and enhance gene expression related to the cariogenic toxicity of oral microorganisms.Based on the correlation between free sugar and caries,it is important to limit the intake amount and frequency of free sugar to prevent caries.This can be achieved mainly by formulating public health policies for reducing sugar,creating a low-sugar family environment with good eating habits,using sugar substitutes and using fluoride.There are few studies on the relationship between free sugar and oral microecology.More research is needed to better understand the effect of free sugar on oral microecology and its mechanism and to validate the caries-preventing effect of various sugar reduction measures.We believe such studies would open up new avenues for the effective prevention of caries.
作者
王欣妍
彭显
李雨庆
周学东
WANG Xinyan;PENG Xian;LI Yuqing;ZHOU Xuedong(State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics,West China Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&West China Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)
出处
《口腔疾病防治》
2023年第11期813-818,共6页
Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32170046)。
关键词
游离糖
龋病
牙菌斑生物膜
微生物
代谢
口腔微生态
致龋机制
龋病预防
free sugars
caries
dental plaque biofilm
microbes
metabolism
oral microecology
cario-genic mechanism
caries prevention
