摘要
目的了解北京市海淀区妇幼保健院出生的3月龄以下儿童卡介苗(bacillus calmette-guerin vaccine,BCG)接种情况,分析影响疫苗接种率的相关因素,为提高BCG的接种率和产科接种率提供参考。方法收集分娩日期为2020年1月1日-2021年12月31日,在海淀区妇幼保健院建档、产检、出生的3月龄以下儿童相关资料及母亲孕产期保健资料,计算研究对象BCG接种率和产科接种率。结果北京市海淀区妇幼保健院出生的3月龄以下儿童BCG接种率为96.74%,产科接种率为91.28%。早产、低出生体重、高危孕产妇、剖宫产对BCG接种率有影响(χ^(2)=70.037、36.524、8.011、4.322,P均<0.05);早产、低出生体重、高危孕产妇、剖宫产和产时产后并发症对BCG产科接种率有影响(χ^(2)=2097.176、4753.231、143.613、642.231、330.850,P均<0.05)。结论海淀区妇幼保健院3月龄以下儿童卡介苗接种率和产科接种率有进一步提升的空间。加强高危孕产妇管理,减少妊娠并发症、难产和不良妊娠结局,探索卡介苗接种禁忌的合理性,制定科学实用的BCG接种指南,细化BCG接种标准,以及加强对产科、新生儿科医生和预防接种医生培训可以提高儿童BCG的接种率和产科接种率。
Objective To investigate the vaccination status of bacillus calmette-guerin vaccine(BCG)among children under 3 months of age in Haidian Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing,and to analyze the related factors affecting the vaccination rate,so as to provide reference for improving the vaccination rate and vaccination rate in obstetrical department of BCG.Methods The data of children under 3 months of age who were registered,examined,born in Haidian Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 1,2020 to December 31,2021,were collected,and the maternal and perinatal health care data were collected at the same time.The BCG vaccination rate and vaccination rate in obstetrical department were calculated.Results Among the investigated children under 3 months of age in Beijing Haidian District Maternal and Child Health Hospital,the BCG vaccination rate of was 96.74%and the vaccination rate in obstetrical department was 91.28%.Preterm birth,low birth weight,high-risk pregnant women,cesarean section had an effect on BCG vaccination rate(χ^(2)=70.037,36.524,8.011,4.322,respectively,P all<0.05);Preterm birth,low birth weight,high-risk pregnant women,cesarean section and postpartum complications had an effect on BCG vaccination rate in obstetrical department(χ^(2)=2097.176,4753.231,143.613,642.231,330.850,respectively,P all<0.05).Conclusions There is space for further improvement of BCG vaccination rate and vaccination rate in obstetrical department for children under 3 months of age in Haidian Maternal and Child Health Hospital.Strengthening the management of high-risk pregnant women,reducing pregnancy complications,dystocia and adverse pregnancy outcomes,exploring the rationality of BCG vaccination contraindications,formulating scientific and reasonable BCG vaccination guidelines,refining BCG vaccination standards,and strengthening the training of obstetricians,neonatologists and preventive doctors can improve the BCG vaccination rate and vaccination rate in obstetrical department.
作者
果丽娜
严慧
GUO Li-na;YAN Hui(Beijing Haidian District Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Beijing 100080,China)
出处
《首都公共卫生》
2023年第3期141-144,共4页
Capital Journal of Public Health
关键词
卡介苗
接种率
产科接种率
影响因素
BCG vaccine
Vaccination rate
Vaccination rate in obstetrical department
Influencing factors
