摘要
未来磁浮交通要实现全国范围内大跨度、长距离运输,必须要适应和满足不同环境要素带来的动态影响。我国幅员辽阔,气候环境复杂多变,为了探明环境温度变化对高速磁悬浮列车气动特性影响,采用基于SST k-ω湍流模型的数值计算方法,研究环境温度在−50~50℃区间的列车明线单车运行气动特性。研究结果表明:随着环境温度的升高,列车气动压差阻力和黏性阻力均减小;由于温度升高带来的密度减小、黏性增大效应对压差阻力的影响程度大于对黏性阻力的影响;列车气动升力亦随着环境温度的升高而减小,头、尾车气动升力对环境温度改变更为敏感。从高寒−50℃增加到高温50℃,列车气动阻力和升力变化幅度达到27%和28%。列车运行速度的提高使得环境温度对列车气动阻力和升力的影响程度越大,运行速度从250 km/h增加到350 km/h时,−50℃下的列车气动阻力和升力与常温环境下(20℃)相比的增长率分别增大6%和7%。列车编组长度的增加对于温度对列车气动升力的影响大于对阻力的影响,编组从3车增加到6车,−50℃下的列车气动阻力和升力与常温环境下相比的变化率约为3%和7%。列车高频、长期在高寒地区高速运行时能耗较大、升力增加,需要考虑更有效的减阻和升力控制措施,研究成果可为高速磁浮列车在不同环境下的气动评估和优化提供依据。
For long-span and long-distance nationwide transportation in the future,maglev transportation system must adapt to and meet the dynamic impact of different environmental factors.China is a vast country with complex and changeable climate environment.In order to explore the influence of ambient temperature change on the aerodynamic characteristics of maglev trains,numerical method was used to study on the aerodynamic performance of a single train running in open air under different environmental temperatures ranges from-50℃to positive 50℃.Results of this paper are show.As the environmental temperature increases,both the pressure and viscous aerodynamic drag decreases.The influence of the decrease of air density and the increase of viscosity with temperature on the pressure drag is greater than the impact on the viscous drag.Besides,the aerodynamic lift of the train also decreases with the increase of the ambient temperature,and the head and tail cars are more sensitive to the change of the ambient temperature.As the ambient temperature rises from-50℃to 50℃,the variation range of aerodynamic drag and lift of the train reaches 27%and 28%.With the increase of train speed,the influence of ambient temperature on the aerodynamic drag and lift of the train becomes greater.When the train speed increases from 250 km/h to 350 km/h,the growth rate of the aerodynamic drag and lift of the train under-50℃increases by 6%and 7%compared to normal atmospheric temperature(20℃).Besides,with the increase of train marshalling length,the influence of temperature on the aerodynamic lift of the train is greater than that on the aerodynamic drag.When the train marshalling length increases from 3 carriages to 6 carriages,the change rate of the aerodynamic drag and lift of the train under-50℃increases by 3%and 7%compared to normal atmospheric temperature.To sum up,when the high-speed maglev train operates in high-frequency and cold regions at high-seed for a long time,the energy consumption and lift force rise.Additional effective drag reduction and lift control measures should be considered.The research results provide a basis for the aerodynamic evaluation and optimization of high-speed maglev trains in different environments.
作者
程亚军
黄莎
杨明智
李志伟
张博栋
赵健平
CHENG Yajun;HUANG Sha;YANG Mingzhi;LI Zhiwei;ZHANG Bodong;ZHAO Jianping(School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;School of Rail Transportation,Wuyi University,Jiangmen 529020,China;CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130062,China)
出处
《铁道科学与工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第7期2407-2418,共12页
Journal of Railway Science and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52002290)
广东省自然科学基金资助项目(2022A1515010011)
五邑大学高层次人才科研启动项目(2017RC37,2017RC36)。
关键词
高速磁浮
环境温度
气动阻力
气动升力
high-speed maglev train
environmental temperature
aerodynamic drag
aerodynamic lift
