摘要
职业性矽肺以不可逆性肺纤维化为特征,是由于长期吸入游离二氧化硅粉尘所致。矽肺病理机制复杂,目前尚无治愈的方法。中医将矽肺纤维化归属于“肺痿”“肺痹”等病证范畴,以活血、益气为主要治则。活血化瘀类中药是常用的中药之一,具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗纤维化和免疫调节等作用,在矽肺防治方面具有广阔的应用前景。目前,已有学者在丹参、川芎、三七、姜黄、桃仁、红花等活血化瘀类单味中药的提取物及复方中药防治矽肺方面开展了动物实验与临床研究,以探讨有关抗肺纤维化机制、治疗矽肺及其并发症的疗效与安全性。还有学者在丹参、姜黄和丹红注射液、桃红四物汤等防治肺纤维化的方面开展网络药理学研究,分析潜在的作用靶点和通路,为矽肺防治提供科学依据。但目前有关研究的有效性证据仍不确定,且尚不能满足临床需求。未来尚有待开展更多的、高质量的活血化瘀类中药活性成分单体或合剂应用于矽肺防治的探索,为矽肺的中医药防治提供新的思路和科学依据。
Occupational silicosis features as irreversible pulmonary fibrosis,which is caused by long-term inhalation of free silica dust.The pathogenesis of silicosis is complex and there is no cure at present.Traditional Chinese medicine classifies silicosis fibrosis into the category of diseases as"pulmonary paralysis"and"pulmonary arthralgia",and its treatment is based on promoting blood circulation and activating qi.Traditional Chinese medicine for activating blood circulation is one of the commonly used medications,which has the effects of anti-oxidation,anti-inflammation,anti-fibrosis and immunomodulation,and has broad application prospect in the prevention and treatment of silicosis.At present,animal experiments and clinical studies have been carried out using the single Chinese herbs extracts that could activate blood circulation such as Salvia miltiorrhiza,Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.,Panax notoginseng,Curcuma longa L.,peach kernel and Carthamus tinctorius L.as well as their compound herbs for the prevention and treatment of silicosis.The mechanisms of anti-pulmonary fibrosis and the efficacy and safety of treating silicosis and its complications were explored.There are also scholars studying Salvia miltiorrhiza,Curcuma longa L.and Danhong injection,Taohong Siwu Decoction and others for prevention and treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.Additionally,network pharmacological research,analyzing potential targets and pathways,were carried out to provide scientific rationale for prevention and treatment of silicosis.However,the effectiveness of research is still uncertain,and it cannot meet the clinical needs.In the future,it is necessary to explore the application of more high-quality active components of traditional Chinese medicine monomer or mixture of activating blood circulation in the prevention and treatment of silicosis,to provide new ideas and scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of silicosis using traditional Chinese medicine.
作者
张骁
马超亚
廖锡庆
ZHANG Xiao;MA Chaoya;LIAO Xiqing(Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510300,China)
出处
《中国职业医学》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第2期223-229,共7页
China Occupational Medicine
基金
广东省中医药局科研项目(20202027)
广东省医学科学技术研究基金(A2018220)。
关键词
活血化瘀
中药
提取物
矽肺
肺纤维化
网络药理学
靶点
通路
Activating blood circulation
Traditional Chinese medicine
Extract
Silicosis
Pulmonary fibrosis
Network pharmacology
Target
Pathway
