摘要
大气电场是大气科学和空间物理学科中共同的一个重要电学参量,大气电场的变化代表着全球大气电路和近地面大气电荷分布状态,其变化同时受到气象活动、地质活动和太阳活动影响.大气电场的平均日变化特点代表着平静时期该地区近地面大气电场的平均值,这对于研究不同纬度地区近地面大气电场由于地质活动或太阳活动引起的扰动具有重要意义.为实现对日地空间环境全圈层、多要素综合的立体式探测,子午工程在两极、中国多个地区建成了多个大气电场观测台站,本文主要介绍子午工程中的大气电场观测,包括场磨式大气电场仪及其数据格式,展示了子午工程建设的西藏噶尔站2021年11月至2022年10月一年期间的晴天大气电场平均日变化,并对其进行了分析以及与“卡耐基曲线”的比较.
The near-surface atmospheric electric field is an important parameter in disciplines such as space physics and atmospheric science.Variations in the atmospheric electric field represent the state of the global atmospheric circuit and charge distribution in the near-surface atmosphere,which is affected jointly by meteorological activities(including precipitation,wind speed,relative humidity,and lightning),geological activities(earthquakes,landslides,mudslides,etc.),and solar activities(including solar flares,geomagnetic activities,coronal mass ejections,and high-energy proton events).The atmospheric electric field's near-surface average value in a specific region during the calm period is represented by its average daily variation characteristics.This average value is important to study the fluctuations in the near-surface atmospheric electric field at different latitudes,which are caused by geological or solar activities.To realize the three-dimensional detection of the whole circle and multiple elements of the solar-terrestrial space environment,several atmospheric electric field observation stations were built under the Meridian Project at the poles and several regions in China.The present study introduces observations made at seven such stations.It mainly included observations by the field-mill-type atmospheric electric field instrument,the data format,and information on clear days during November 2021-October 2022 at the Tibet Gar Station.The average daily variation in the atmospheric electric field during this one-year period was analyzed.Finally,the comparison of the average daily atmospheric electric field curve with the standard"Carnegie curve"was discussed.
作者
李磊
陈涛
王诗涵
提烁
蔡春林
李文
罗静
Li Lei;Chen Tao;Wang Shihan;Ti Shuo;Cai Chunlin;Li Wen;Luo Jing(National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《地球与行星物理论评（中英文）》
2024年第1期138-143,共6页
Reviews of Geophysics and Planetary Physics
基金
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA17010301,XDA15052500,XDA15350201)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41874175,41931073)。
关键词
子午工程
大气电场
地基观测
Chinese Meridian Project
atmospheric electric field
ground-based observation
