摘要
为了保障天然气集输管道的安全平稳运行,避免水合物堵塞的形成及其诱发的局部憋压风险,总结分析了天然气水合物结构与性质、热力学与动力学模型和管道水合物沉积、堵塞机理研究进展,并对集输管道天然气水合物防治提出展望。研究表明,气主导体系管道水合物沉积机理主要有以下两种:一是由管壁上凝结液膜的水合物生长引起,其中自由水含量、气体速度、流型变化、气相持液率、过冷度以及管壁表面形貌等因素影响水合物沉积行为;二是气相液滴形成的水合物颗粒通过碰撞内聚作用聚集生长沉积为水合物层,从水合物颗粒间黏附强度角度考虑水合物层的剥落和分离,为通过提高气体临界流速来去除水合物沉积层提供了新的思路。本综述可为管道水合物堵塞分类分级管理和高效防控研究提供参考。
In this work,the research progress in structure and properties,thermodynamic and kinetic models,pipeline deposition and blockage mechanism of natural gas hydrate were summarized,aiming to ensure the safe and stable operation of natural gas gathering and transportation pipelines and avoid the gas hydrate blockage and the risk of local pressure suffocation.Additionally,prospects were also put forward for the prevention and control of natural gas hydrate in gathering and transportation pipelines.It has shown that there are two main mechanisms of hydrate deposition in gas-dominated system.One demonstrates that the hydrate layer is formed by the con-densed liquid film on the pipelines inner wall,and the behavior of hydrate deposition is affected by free water content,gas velocity,flow pattern change,liquid holdup in gas phase,subcooling degree and surface morphology of pipelines inner wall.The other one demonstrates that the hydrate layer is generated by cohesion between aggregated hydrate particles formed in droplets of gas phase,which provides a new idea to remove hydrate deposits by increasing the critical gas flow rate in view of the peeling and decomposition of the hydrate layer.This work maybe can provide a reference for classification management and efficient prevention control of natural gas hydrate blockage in pipeline.
作者
邓金睿
顾晓敏
陈莉
杨颖
张波
郑钰山
DENG Jin-rui;GU Xiao-min;CHEN Li;YANG Ying;ZHANG Bo;ZHENG Yu-shan(CNPC Research Institute of Safety&Environment Technology,Beijing 102206,China;No.4 Oil Extraction Plant,PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company,Yinchuan 750006,China;Chongqing Xiangguosi Gas Storage Co.,Ltd.,PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company,Chongqing 401121,China)
出处
《科学技术与工程》
北大核心
2023年第23期9755-9765,共11页
Science Technology and Engineering
基金
中国石油天然气集团有限公司技术攻关项目(2021DJ6501,2021DJ4902,2021DJ6502,2021DJ6504)。
关键词
天然气
集输管道
水合物
堵塞机理
沉积特性
natural gas
gathering and transportation pipelines
natural gas hydrate
blockage mechanism
deposition characteristic
