摘要
目的通过分析我国公共场所集中空调通风系统送风可吸入颗粒物(inhalable particle matter,PM_(10))的全国情况、标准限值及健康影响,为空调通风系统送风PM_(10)标准制定提供参考。方法收集2001年1月1日—2022年4月31日关于我国公共场所集中空调的卫生状况或标准或健康影响的文献,采用文献分析法对文献进行分析。结果共检索38篇公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生状况的检测文献,5个现行标准,13篇关于健康影响的流行病学调查文献。文献中有42.1%的集中空调通风系统送风PM_(10)的合格率为100%,42.1%的集中空调通风系统送风PM_(10)的合格率在90%~<100%之间。卫生部颁布标准PM_(10)限值为150μg/m^(3),江苏省、上海市地方标准限值为120μg/m^(3)。文献中公共场所集中空调通风系统与人体呼吸系统症状有相关的文献最多。结论全国公共场所集中空调通风系统送风PM_(10)水平稳步下降,空调送风PM_(10)的限值标准应更加严格,同时加强空调送风PM_(10)对人体健康影响的系统研究。
Objective To analyze the national situation,standard limit value and health influence of inhalable particle matter(PMo)in centralized air conditioning and ventilation system in public places in China,provide reference for the establishment of PM_(10)index of air conditioning ventilation system.Methods The literature on the sanitary status or standards or health effects of centralized air conditioning in public places in China from January 1,2001 to April 31,2022 was collected and analyzed by literature analysis.Results A total of 38 articles of centralized air conditioning and ventilation systemin public places,five current standards and 13 articles of epidemiological investigation on health effects were retrieved.In the literature,42.1%of the central air conditioning and ventilation system had 100%of qualified rate in supply air PM_(10),and 42.1%of the central air conditioning and ventilation system had 90%-<100%of qualified rate in supply air PM_(10).The standard PM_(10)limit issued by the Ministry of Health was 150μg/m',and the local standard in Jiangsu Province and Shanghai was 120μg/m^(2).There was the most literature on the relationship between centralized air conditioning and ventilation system in public places and human respiratory symptoms.Conclusion The level of PMo in'supply air of centralized air conditioning and ventilation system in public places in China is decreasing steadily,the limit standard of supply air PM_(10)of air conditioning should be more strict,at the same time,the systematic research on the impact of air conditioning supply air PM_(10)on human health should be strengthened.
作者
张宇晶
刘瑶
廖岩
叶丹
闫旭
潘力军
ZHANG Yujing;LIU Yao;LIAO Yan;YE Dan;YAN Xu;PAN Lijun(National Institute of Environmental Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,100021,China;Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,102200,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2023年第14期1999-2002,2008,共5页
Occupation and Health
关键词
集中空调
送风
PM_(10)
Centralized air conditioning
Air supply
PM_(10)
