摘要
流域生态补偿是一种以流域水资源保护为核心,调节流域经济发展和水环境保护关系的制度激励手段,也是一种促进跨流域协同治理的重要制度设计。基于外部性以及协同治理理论(SFIC模型),构建流域生态补偿“动力-主客体-行动”关系分析框架。通过应用分析框架对田纳西河流域、易北河流域、墨累-达令河流域、新安江流域、赤水河流域、黄河流域等国内外流域协同治理生态补偿典型案例进行比较分析,可以归纳出权威管理机构主导下“输血式”、市场主导下“造血式”、中央主导下“混合式”、跨区域政府间“输血式”四种类型的生态补偿模式,且每种模式类型都有其特定的应用条件和制约因素。借鉴国内外经验,黄河流域协同治理生态补偿模式可以从法制保障、平台支撑、市场引入、绩效考评等方面进行重点优化。
Watershed ecological compensation is an institutional incentive means to regulate the relationship between watershed economic development and water environment protection with the protection of watershed water resources as its core.It is also an important institutional design to promote cross-watershed synergy governance.Based on externality and synergy governance theories,this article constructs an analysis framework for the“dynamic-subject-object-action”relationship in watershed ecological compensation.Adopting this framework,this article makes comparative analysis on a range of domestic and international typical cases,including the Tennessee River Basins,Elbe River Basins,Murray-Darling River Basins,Xin’an River Basins,Chishui River Basins,and Yellow River Basins.This article then summarizes four types of ecological compensation models:the“blood transfusion”model predominantly under the jurisdiction of authoritative management institutions,the“hematopoiesis”model steered by market forces,the“hybrid-type”model by central leadership,and the“blood transfusion”model conducted amongst cross-regional governments.Each model type has its specific application conditions and constraints.Drawing on domestic and international experiences,the ecological compensation model for the synergy governance within the Yellow River Basin can be optimized by focusing on aspects such as legal guarantees,platform support,market introduction,and performance evaluation.
作者
司林波
段露燕
裴索亚
SI Linbo;DUAN Luyan;PEI Suoya(School of Public Administration,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,China)
出处
《燕山大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
2023年第4期61-74,共14页
Journal of Yanshan University:Philosophy and Social Science
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目“党的十八大以来党领导生态文明建设‘制度—效能’转化的经验与启示”(22AZD091)
陕西省社会科学基金年度项目“‘双碳’目标下加快陕西‘十四五’时期绿色低碳转型的生态保护路径与政策体系研究”(2022R003)
陕西省创新能力支撑计划软科学项目“科技赋能黄河流域(陕西)生态保护的创新路径与政策体系研究”(2023-CX-RKX-119)。
关键词
流域生态补偿
协同治理
补偿模式
补偿机制
watershed ecological compensation
synergy governance
compensation model
compensation mechanism
