摘要
探究东北三省土地利用及生境质量的时空演变效应,对东北三省生态环境保护和区域高质量发展具有重要意义。基于此,该文选取东北三省2000、2005、2010、2015、2018年的土地利用分类数据,按照土地利用的“三生”功能分类,分析东北三省2010-2018年土地利用和生境质量的时空变化特征,结果表明:(1)2000-2018年间东北三省土地利用格局上存在显著差异;土地利用类型转变显著,其中农业生产用地增幅最为明显,达10604.28 km^(2),用地面积减少最为明显的是林业生态用地,总计减少了19400.4 km^(2)。(2)2000-2018年间东北三省生境质量等级整体上呈现下降趋势,低等水平生境质量区域面积持续扩张,增幅达到19369 km^(2);中等生境质量区域也在扩张,其面积增加了20807 km^(2);而生境质量良好和生境质量优等的区域面积分别减少了19991 km^(2)、10185 km^(2)。(3)生境质量空间分布与土地利用类型分布关系密切,生境质量水平高的区域多位于林地与草地生态空间广布的区域,而生境质量低的地区其生活空间与生产空间占比较高。
Exploring the spatial and temporal evolution of land use change and habitat quality is of great significance to the ecological protection and high-quality development of the three northeastern provinces.This paper selects the land use and cover data of the three northeastern provinces in 2000,2005,2010,2015 and 2018,and uses ArcGIS and InVEST models to quantitatively analyze the spatial and temporal changes of land use and habitat quality in the three northeastern provinces from 2010 to 2018 according to the classification of"ecological-production-living"land use function.The results show that there are significant differences in the spatial distribution pattern of the three northeastern provinces from 2000 to 2018.The land use types have changed significantly,among which the increase of agricultural production land is the most obvious,reaching 10604.28 km^(2),and the most obvious reduction of land use area is forestry ecological land,with a total reduction of 19400.4 km^(2).From 2000 to 2018,the habitat quality level of the three northeastern provinces showed a downward trend on the whole,and the area of low-level habitat quality continued to expand,with an increase of 19369 km^(2).The area with medium habitat quality is also expanding,and its area has increased by 20807 km.The areas with good habitat quality and excellent habitat quality decreased by 19991 km^(2)and 10185 km^(2)respectively.The spatial distribution of habitat quality is closely related to the distribution of land use types.Areas with high habitat quality are mostly distributed in areas where woodland ecological space and grassland ecological space are widely distributed,while areas with low habitat quality tend to have a higher proportion of living space and production space than ecological space.
作者
迟宏旭
陈宇
杨旭
李慧敏
吴相利
周嘉
贾艳红
CHI Hongxu;CHEN Yu;YANG Xu;LI Huimin;WU Xiangli;ZHOU Jia;JIA Yanhong(Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions,College of Geographical Science,Harbin Normal University,Harbin 150025,China;Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of Ministry of Education,College of Geographical Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期187-196,共10页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金(71942006)
国家社科基金项目(16BJY039)
黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划项目(22JYE462)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(40500-20104-222078)。
关键词
土地利用转型
三生空间
生境质量
东北三省
演变效应
land use function change
ecological-production-living spaces
habitat quality
the three provinces of Northeast China
evolution effect
