摘要
中国《长江保护法》开启了流域立法的新篇章,《黄河保护法》也于2023年正式实施,两部流域立法具有重要的价值导向和制度创新内容。但流域立法涉及广泛而复杂的制度和实践问题,对中国流域立法的价值与规范体系仍需研究阐释,以对未来流域立法形成学理和制度引导。在制度设计上,两部法律以整体观作为流域立法的方法论基石,清晰界定流域的内涵、合理定位流域立法的属性、明确流域立法的价值取向,为流域立法奠定了基本的话语基础。在价值体系和基本原则上,流域生态安全是流域立法的首要价值,流域高质量发展是流域立法的根本价值;流域立法的基本原则体现为生态优先与绿色发展原则、统筹协调原则和系统治理原则。在流域立法基本价值和原则的指引下,建构以“中央-流域-地方”不同层级事权体系为核心,以流域统筹协调管理、流域规划、流域污染防治和资源开发利用、流域生态保护和修复、流域多元治理机制为主要规范和构造脉络的流域法律制度体系,是新时代通过科学立法推进高质量发展的重要保障。
The enactment of the Yangtze River Protection Law in China has opened a new chapter in basin legisla-tion,and the Yellow River Protection Law was officially implemented in 2023.These two basin laws have significant val-ue orientations and institutional innovations.However,basin legislation involves extensive and complex institutional and practical issues,and further research and interpretation are needed on the values and normative systems of basin legisla-tion in China in order to establish theoretical and institutional guidance for future basin legislation.In terms of institu-tional design,the two laws take a holistic approach as the methodological foundation of basin legislation,clearly defining the connotation of basins,reasonably positioning the attributes of basin legislation,and clarifying the value orientation of basin legislation,thus laying a basic discursive foundation for basin legislation.In terms of value systems and fundamen-tal principles,the primary value of basin legislation is the ecological security of basins,and the fundamental value is the high-quality development of basins.The fundamental principles of basin legislation include prioritizing ecological conser-vation and green development,coordinating and harmonizing,and implementing system governance.Guided by the basic values and principles of basin legislation,the construction of a basin legal system with a hierarchical system of powers at the levels of the central government,basins,and localities as the core,and with basin coordination and management,basin planning,basin pollution prevention and control,resource development and utilization,basin ecological protection and restoration,and diverse governance mechanisms as the main norms and structures,serves as an important guarantee for promoting high-quality development through scientific legislation in the new era.
作者
吴贤静
吴晓薇
WU Xian-jing;WU Xiao-wei
出处
《中南民族大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第8期94-104,185,共12页
Journal of South-Central Minzu University (Humanities and Social Sciences)
基金
广州市哲学社会科学发展“十四五”规划一般课题“正确认识和把握碳达峰碳中和研究:以广州市碳达峰碳中和法律制度构建为视点”(2022GZYB58)
广东法治研究院课题“《民法典》绿色原则适用研究”。
关键词
整体观
流域治理
立法价值
制度体系
holistic approach
basin governance
legislative value
institutional system
