摘要
试验旨在研究复方中草药和植物精油替代抗生素对肉仔兔组织发育、屠宰性能及肌肉品质的影响,为2020年我国饲料全面禁抗后养兔业恢复养殖效益提供数据参考。选择32日龄、体重为700 g左右的健康肉仔兔48只,公母各半,采用随机区组设计,分为4个处理,分别记为抗生素组(基础日粮+30 mg/kg金霉素+200 mg/kg土霉素,阳性对照组)、精油1组(基础日粮+600 mg/kg复合植物精油1)、精油2组(基础日粮+600 mg/kg复合植物精油2)、中药组(基础日粮+5 000 mg/kg复方中草药),每处理6个重复,每重复2只兔。试验期28 d。结果显示:(1)与抗生素组相比,精油1组的胃重显著降低(P<0.05),其余各替抗组消化道发育指标均无显著差异(P>0.05);精油1组的胸腺重、免疫器官重、免疫器官指数显著降低(P<0.05),其余各替抗组免疫器官发育指标均无显著差异(P>0.05);各替抗组代谢器官发育指标均无显著差异(P>0.05);(2)与抗生素组相比,各替抗组动物宰前活重、全净膛重、半净膛重、全净膛屠宰率和半净膛屠宰率无显著差异(P>0.05);(3)与抗生素组相比,各替抗组肌肉pH45 min、pH24 h、pH48 h、pH72 h、24 h滴水损失率、48 h滴水损失率、亮度(L^(*))、红度(a^(*))均无显著差异(P>0.05);各替抗组肌肉粗蛋白含量无显著差异(P>0.05);精油2组肌肉水分含量显著提高(P<0.05);精油1组和精油2组肌肉粗脂肪含量显著降低(P<0.05);精油1、2组各氨基酸含量指标均无显著差异(P>0.05);精油2组、中药组各脂肪酸含量指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。该试验条件下,复方中草药和2种复合植物精油对肉仔兔组织发育、屠宰性能及肌肉品质的影响效果与抗生素相当,可以替代抗生素。
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of compound Chinese herbal and essential oil substituting for antibiotic on tissue development,slaughter performance and meat quality of weaning meat rabbits,so as to provide data reference for feeding rabbits industry to resume aquaculture benefit after feed antibiotic-ban in China since 2020.By using randomized block design forty-eight healthy weaning meat rabbits aged 32 days with a body weight about 700 g(half male and half female)were divided into antibiotic group(basal diet supplemented with 30 mg/kg chlortetracycline+200 mg/kg oxytetracycline,Positive control group),essential oil group 1(basal diet supplemented with 600 mg/kg complex essential oil 1),essential oil group 2(basal diet supplemented with 600 mg/kg complex essential oil 2),and Chinese herbal group(basal diet supplemented with 5000 mg/kg compound Chinese herbal),with 6 replicates per treatment and 2 rabbits per replicate.The experiment lasted for 28 days.The results showed that:①compared with antibiotic group:the gastric weight of essential oil group 1 was significantly reduced(P<0.05),while the digestive tract development indices of the other antibiotic replacement groups were not significantly different(P>0.05).The thymus weight,immune organ weight and immune organ index in group 1 were significantly decreased(P<0.05),while there were no significant differences in immune organ development indices among other antibiotic replacement groups(P>0.05).②There were no significant differences in live body weight,all eviscerated weight,half eviscerated weight,all eviscerated slaughter rate and half eviscerated slaughter rate among antibiotic replacement groups(P>0.05).③Compared with antibiotic group:There were no significant differences in meat pH45min,pH24 h,pH48 h,pH72 h,24 h drip loss rate,48 h drip loss rate,L^(*) and a^(*)(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in meat crude protein(CP,P>0.05).Meat water in essential oil group 2 was significantly increased(P<0.05),while ether extract(EE)in essential oil group 1 and essential oil group 2 were significantly increased(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in meat amino acids indices of essential oil group 1 and essential oil group 2(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in meat fatty acids indices of essential oil group 2 and Chinese herbal group(P>0.05).Under the condition of this experiment,the effects of compound Chinese herbal and essential oils on tissue development,slaughter performance and meat quality of weaning meat rabbits were comparable to antibiotic.
作者
邓卉
郭升岚
余淼
黄明亚
余丹
吕继蓉
郭春华
DENG Hui;GUO Shenglan;YU Miao;HUANG Mingya;YU Dan;LYU Jirong;GUO Chunhua(Sichuan Animal Science Academy,Sichuan Chengdu 610066,China;College of Animal&Veteri-nary Sciences,Southwest University For Nationalities,Sichuan Chengdu 610041,China;Animal Breed-ing and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Sichuan Chengdu 610066,China;Sichuan Engi-neering&Technology Center of Animal Feed Intake Control,Sichuan Chengdu 611130,China)
出处
《饲料工业》
北大核心
2023年第17期15-22,共8页
Feed Industry
基金
四川省重点研发项目“植物精油在畜禽无抗养殖中应用的关键技术研发及示范”[2021YFN0122]
四川省公益性科研院所基本科研项目[SASA202204]。
关键词
复方中草药
植物精油
兔
发育
肌肉品质
compound Chinese herbal
essential oil
rabbit
development
meat quality
