摘要
林长制是我国生态文明建设的重大制度创新,能够有效解决林草资源保护的内生动力和长远发展问题。关于林长制制度改革的理论主要包括有限理性和机会主义行为倾向假说、制度变迁理论、路径依赖理论、交易成本理论,同时也借鉴了新制度经济学中制度环境、制度安排和博弈论等概念构成了本文的理论分析框架。我国林长制改革的主要阶段包括林业管理制度失灵阶段、2017年之后的需求诱导式的局部制度变迁阶段和2021年之后供给主导式的全局制度变迁阶段。林长制制度效应显著,首先解决了原有制度的横向交易成本过高、纵向政治势能不足、内部职能差距悬殊等问题,同时也在环境、经济和社会方面发挥间接效应,但是也产生了一系列的改制、运行、监督、维护等成本。虽然我国林长制改革通过制度变迁暂时达到了均衡点,但是改革仍可能存在“无限政府”、制度供给过剩、公众参与不足等问题,需要在今后继续深化完善。
The reform of forest chief system is a major institutional innovation in the construction of ecological civilization in China,which can effectively solve the endogenous power and long-term development problems of forest and grass resource protection.The theories on the reform of forest chief system mainly include the bounded rationality and opportunistic behavior tendency hypothesis,the theory of institutional change,the theory of path dependence,and the theory of transaction cost.The paper also draws on the concepts of institutional environment,institutional arrangement and game theory in the new institutional economics to form a theoretical analysis framework.The main stages of the reform of forest chief system includes the failure stage of the forestry management system,the demand-induced partial system change stage after 2017,and the supply-led domestic system change stage after 2021.The effect of the forest chief system system is remarkable,which solves the problems of excessive transaction costs,insufficient high-level driving forces and competency-difficulty gap of the original system.It also has indirect effects on the environment,economy and society.Although the reform of China's forest chief system has temporarily reached an equilibrium point through institutional changes,the reform of the forest chief system is not perfect,and there may be problems such as unlimited government,excess system supply,and insufficient public participation.The reform needs to be further deepened and improved in the following stage.
作者
林煜国
吴成亮
侯方淼
LIN Yuguo;WU Chengliang;HOU Fangmiao
出处
《农业经济问题》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第8期17-30,共14页
Issues in Agricultural Economy
基金
北京市园林绿化规划和资源监测中心项目“北京市林长制实施情况评估”(编号:GJH2022-007)
国家自然科学基金面上项目“改革开放40年来我国集体林产权制度改革及相关林业政策对农户林业生产要素配置及其收入影响研究”(编号:71873043)。
关键词
新制度经济学
林长制
制度效应
New institutional economics
Forest chief system
Institutional effects
