摘要
水热炭化可显著改善高含水率废弃物的亲水性,提高固体产物的疏水性,便于后续产物提纯。由于其具有处理方式简单、反应时间短、能耗低及可连续处理等优势,并可得到高含碳率、表面富含大量活性含氧官能团、比表面积大及孔隙率发达的水炭,是一种新兴的废弃物资源化、减量化和无害化的处理方式。主要介绍了水热炭化的方法与原理,阐明了反应过程的机理,归纳了近年来部分学者水热炭化得到的固体产物的理化性质与特性,从中发现了影响水炭热稳定性的两个指标O/C、H/C与反应强度之间的关系,优化两个重要工艺参数(反应温度和停留时间)来满足炭化程度的同时,又节约了资源,奠定了水热炭化在热化学转化中的重要地位。系统分析了原料组成、温度、时间、液固比和催化剂的添加对水热合成的影响机制,并展望了水热炭化技术在高湿废弃物处理中遇到的挑战和发展机遇,为推动有机废物高效利用、减少废弃物的环境危害效应提供借鉴。
Hydrothermal carbonization(HTC)can significantly improve hydrophilicity of waste with high moisture content,improve hydrophobicity of solid products,and facilitate purification of subsequent products.Due to its advantages such as simple treatment method,short reaction time,low energy consumption,and continuous treatment,as well as its ability to obtain water carbon with high carbon content,abundant active oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface,large specific surface area,and developed porosity,it is an emerging waste resource utilization,reduction,and harmless treatment method.Method and principle of hydrothermal carbonization was introduced,mechanism of reaction process was clarified,physical and chemical properties and characteristics of solid products obtained from hydrothermal carbonization by some scholars in recent years were summarized,and relationship between two indicators O/C,H/C,and reaction intensity that affect thermal stability of water carbon was discovered.Two important process parameters(reaction temperature and residence time)were optimized to meet degree of carbonization while saving resources.Important position of hydrothermal carbonization in thermochemical conversion has been established.Impact mechanism of raw material composition,temperature,time,liquid-solid ratio,and catalyst addition on hydrothermal synthesis was systematically analyzed,and challenges and development opportunities faced by hydrothermal carbonization technology in high humidity waste treatment were prospected,providing reference for promoting efficient utilization of organic waste and reducing environmental hazards of waste.
作者
曾祥荣
廖传华
汪明星
刘胜敏
ZENG Xiangrong;LIAO Chuanhua;WANG Mingxing;LIU Shengmin(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing Jiangsu 211816,China)
出处
《农业工程》
2023年第5期56-68,共13页
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
关键词
水热炭化
生物质
无害化处理
热稳定性
废弃物处理
固碳
hydrothermal carbonization
biomass
harmless treatment
thermal stability
waste disposal
carbon sequestration
