摘要
【目的】探究微咸水与分根区交替灌溉上下限在生产中对番茄光合特性、抗逆性、品质产量的影响,为微咸水贮量较大地区番茄高品质生产提供参考。【方法】以大番茄‘TY1602’为材料,在分根灌溉条件下,分别用淡水、微咸水(EC=2.5、3.3、4.1mS/cm)进行灌溉,设置两种田间最大持水量上下限,分别为A[L侧(65%~90%),R侧(35%~50%)]和B[L侧(55%~80%),R侧(25%~40%)],低于下限自动滴灌,达到上限停止滴灌。试验共设9个处理,CK:淡水,L侧(65%~90%),R侧(65%~90%);T1:淡水,A;T2:淡水,B;T3:2.5mS/cm,A;T4:2.5 mS/cm,B;T5:3.3 mS/cm,A;T6:3.3mS/cm,B;T7:4.1mS/cm,A;T8:4.1 mS/cm,B)。分析不同处理对番茄光合特性、渗透调节物质、抗氧化酶、激素含量、品质产量的影响。【结果】与对照相比,随着微咸水EC值增大,植株的光合速率也随之增加,当EC值到达4.1mS/cm时,开始出现下降趋势,T6、T8处理的碳同化酶活性变化最显著,T7、T8处理显著提高叶片中抗逆指标的含量,T5、T8处理则显著提高果实中CTK、ABA的含量,有效应对外界环境的胁迫。T7、T8处理的品质指标显著优于其他处理,风味表现良好,且水分利用率大幅提高,但产量下降较明显。【结论】处理T8的综合评价最好,在微咸水资源丰富、淡水资源短缺地区,可作为生产高品质番茄的灌水策略。
【Objective】The effects of different concentrations of brackish water and the upper and lower limits of alternate partial root-zone irrigation on tomato photosynthetic characteristics,stress resistance,quality and yield in production were explored to provide reference for high-quality tomato production in regions with large reserves of brackish water.【Method】Taking‘TY1602'as the material under the condition of alternate partial root-zone irrigation,fresh water and brackish water(EC=2.5,3.3,4.1 mS/cm)were used for irrigation.Two maximum field water-holding capacities were set as upper and lower limits:A[(65%-90%)on the left side and(35%-50%)on the right side]and B[(55%-80%)on the left side and(25%-40%)on the right side].Automatic drip irrigation was performed when the moisture was below the lower limit;drip irrigation stopped when the moisture reached the upper limit.There were nine treatments in total:CK[fresh water,(65%-90%)on the left and right sides],T1(fresh water,A),T2(fresh water,B),T3(2.5 mS/cm,A),T4(2.5 mS/cm,B),T5(3.3 mS/cm,A),T6(3.3 mS/cm,B),T7(4.1 mS/cm,A),T8(4.1 mS/cm,B).The effects of different treatments on tomato photosynthetic characteristics,osmoregulation substances,antioxidant enzymes,hormone levels,quality and yield were analyzed.【Result】Compared with the control group,as the EC value of brackish water increased,the photosynthetic rate of plants also increased.When the EC value reached 4.1 mS/cm,a decreasing trend began.The carbon assimilation enzyme activity changes in T6 and T8 were the most significant.The stress resistance index in the leaves was significantly increased in the T7 and T8 treatments,while the contents of CTK and ABA in the fruit were significantly increased in the T5 and T8 treatments,which effectively coped with external environmental stress.The quality indicators of T7 and T8 treatments were significantly better than those of other treatments,with good taste performance and a significant increase in water use efficiency.However,the yield decreased significantly.【Conclusion】Treatment T8 has the best comprehensive evaluation.In regions with rich reserves of brackish water and scarce fresh water resources,it can be used as a water-saving strategy for producing high-quality tomatoes.
作者
张芙蓉
高艳明
李建设
胡莉
ZHANG Fu-rong;GAO Yan-ming;LI Jian-she;HU Li(College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Ningxia 750021,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第7期1465-1474,共10页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
宁夏回族自治区中央引导地方科技发展专项(2021FRD05018)。
关键词
番茄
微咸水
分根区交替灌溉
灌溉上下限
光合特性
抗逆性
品质产量
Tomato
Brackish water
Alternate partial root-zone irrigation
Irrigation upper and lower limits
Photosynthetic characteristics
Stress resistance
Quality and yield
