摘要
本文研究电动汽车充电过程中的电池退化特性和动态充电特性,定量分析二者对充电站系统服务质量和系统效益的影响。结合充电特性参数和服务质量参数,本文提出了一种考虑电池退化和动态充电特性的电动汽车充电站效益优化模型,旨在为客户提供良好服务质量的同时实现系统收益最大化。优化模型通过限制客户可充电水平SoCr,均衡系统性能和系统效益。考虑到电动汽车客户充电需求的异质性,本文将单一客户基础模型拓展为更符合现实场景的多类客户效益优化模型,并提出多类客户专用充电模式和共享充电模式两种充电服务策略,以实现充电站资源的合理分配。通过四组仿真实验,验证所提出的两种客户类型效益优化模型的可行性,并为系统运营商的服务策略给出选择建议。仿真结果表明,优化后充电站堵塞概率下降96%,平均充电时间减少50%,系统效益提高151%。在不同客户流量环境中,模型倾向为鲁棒性较好的快充系统设置更高的SoCr水平,为慢充系统设置较低的SoCr水平,并建议系统运营商在充电站系统流量强度小于1时,选择共享充电模式获得更高收益;在流量强度大于等于1时,选择专用充电模式获得更高收益。
In this study,the battery degradation during the charging process of electric vehicles(EVs)was investigated,along with the dynamic charging characteristics,and their effects on the quality of service and system revenue of the charging station system were quantitatively analyzed.Accordingly,an EV charging station revenue-optimization model that combines battery degradation and dynamic charging characteristics is proposed to maximize the system revenue while providing high-quality service to customers.The optimization model balances the system performance and system revenue by limiting the level of customer charging(SoCr).Considering the heterogeneity of EV customer charging demand,the single-customer-type base model was extended to a multi-customer revenue-optimization model.Additionally,two charging service strategies are proposed—the multi-customer dedicated charging mode and the shared charging mode—for achieving a reasonable allocation of charging station resources.Through four sets of simulation experiments,the feasibility of the two proposed customer benefit optimization models was verified,and suggestions were provided for the selection of service strategies for system operators.The simulation results indicated that the blocked probability of the optimized charging station was reduced by 96%,the average charging time was reduced by 50%,and the system revenue was increased by 151%.In different customer flow environments,the model tends to set a higher-level SoCr for faster-charging systems with better robustness,which suggests that system operators can increase the revenue by selecting the shared charging mode when the charging station system traffic intensity is<1 and the dedicated charging mode when the traffic intensity is≥1.
作者
王宗为
罗霞
WANG Zong-wei;LUO Xia(School of Traffic and Logistics,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China)
出处
《交通运输工程与信息学报》
2023年第3期13-30,共18页
Journal of Transportation Engineering and Information
基金
四川省科技计划项目(2020YJ0255)。
关键词
城市交通
电动汽车充电站效益优化
系统仿真
电动汽车充电站
充电特性
服务质量
排队系统
urban transport
electric vehicles charging station revenue optimization
system simulation
electric vehicles charging station
charging characteristics
quality of service
queuing system
