摘要
高放射性水平废物具有放射性核素浓度高、毒性大、持续释放衰变热和衰变时间长等特性,使其处置的难度和风险极高。核废物的精准检测和评估对深地质处置的安全有着重要意义。以核共振荧光方法与三维透射成像相结合的核废物检测方法近年来开始逐步发展并被认为是最有潜力的发展方向。紧凑型逆康普顿散射X/γ射线源是核共振荧光技术应用的核心装置,能够满足工程现场应用和精准无损检测的需求。介绍了国内这类先进辐射源的发展应用情况和相关研究现状。基于紧凑型伽马射线源装置,结合蒙特卡洛模拟,揭示了核废物、废物罐及其外围膨润土的响应机制,实现了对交界区域的成像分析。相关表征数据可作为输入参数,提高屏蔽材料多场耦合的数值模拟精度,预测关键放射性核素的迁移规律,评价屏障系统的可靠性和核废物的泄露风险,为核废物深地质处置的核素识别、检测和安全评估提供有效的技术支撑。
The high-level radioactive waste(HLW)is characterized by high concentration of radionuclides,high toxicity,continuous decay heat release,long decay time and the final disposal of HLW is a great challenge.Especially,accurate detection and assessment of HLW is important for the safety of deep geological disposal.Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence(NRF)method combined with three dimensional transimision imaging has great potential for nuclear waste assay and has been developed gradually.Compact inverse compton scattering X/γrays source is the key for the NRF method,which could satisfy the requirement of inspection accuracy at engineering scale.This paper introduces the development and application of domestic advanced compton scattering sources.Using a very compact inverse compton scattering gamma-ray source to generate X/γrays,combined with Monte Carlo simulation,the response mechanism of radioactive waste,container and bentonite were detected and mapped.The result could be used to improve the multifield coupling simulation to predict the release mechanism of radionuclides and to assess the reliability of the multi-barrier system.It could also offer effective technical support for the radionuclides’identification,characterisation and safety assessment within HLW.
作者
丁浩
林锦
张鸿泽
杜应超
唐传祥
DING Hao;LIN Jin;ZHANG Hongze;DU Yingchao;TANG Chuanxiang(Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《世界核地质科学》
CAS
2023年第S01期623-630,共8页
World Nuclear Geoscience
基金
国家基金委国家重大科研仪器研制项目(编号:12027902)
中国博士后科学基金资助项目(编号:2023TQ0177)资助。
