摘要
【目的】对桉树人工林进行林分质量评价、质量等级划分以及阈值界定,构建质量评价指标体系,以期为精准提升桉树人工林质量,改造低质低效林林分提供科学依据。【方法】基于2018年的国家森林资源二类调查数据,采用因子分析和专家咨询相结合的方法对湛江33360个小班的桉树用材林进行评价指标选取、数据量化和标准化、评价指标体系构建、小班林分质量指数计算、林分质量评价与等级划分、林分特征指标界定研究。【结果】(1)15个桉树人工林林分质量评价指标存在相关性,适合进行因子分析;15个评价指标反映了桉树用材林林分质量在林分生长、林分立地、林分结构和森林健康4个方面的信息,因子分析效果较为理想。(2)桉树用材林林分质量评价指标重要性由大到小为公顷蓄积(活立木)、公顷生物量、平均高、平均胸径、森林健康度、植被总覆盖度、沙化程度、土壤侵蚀等级、枯枝落叶厚度、郁闭度、土壤类型、土层厚度、灾害等级、坡向、坡位。(3)幼龄林林分质量各等级数量所占比例为:中>良>劣>优>差,中龄林和近熟林的林分质量各等级数量所占比例为:中>劣>良>差>优,成熟林和过熟林的林分质量各等级数量所占比例为:劣>中>差>良>优。湛江桉树用材林的林分质量大部分为中等质量林和劣等质量林,龄组越高,低效林比重越大。(4)不同质量的公顷蓄积(活立木)、公顷生物量、平均高、平均胸径在不同龄组桉树用材林中差异显著;差等林中森林健康度和沙化程度有明显差异,枯枝落叶厚度仅中等质量以上的林分存在不同龄组间的差异;其他指标在不同龄组间差别不明显。【结论】(1)本研究构建的桉树人工林林分质量评价体系综合考虑了反映森林质量的各个方面的因素,可应用于湛江桉树用材林林分质量评价。(2)不同龄组桉树用材林质量等级划分的林分特征指标阈值可作为初步判定桉树用材林林分质量的指示标准。
【Objective】This research conducted the stand quality evaluation,quality grade division and threshold value definition of Eucalyptus plantation,and constructed an evaluation indicator system,to provide a scientific basis for accurately improving the stand quality of Eucalyptus plantation and reforming low quality and low-efficiency plantation.【Method】Based on the second-class national Forest Resources Survey data in 2018,the method of factor analysis and expert consultation was used to select evaluation indicators,quantify and standardize data,construct an evaluation indicator system,calculate stand quality indexes,evaluate stand quality,perform grade division,and define stand characteristic indicators for 33360 sub-compartment of the commercial plantation of Eucalyptus in Zhanjiang,Guangdong,China.【Result】(1)There were correlations among the 15 stand quality evaluation indicators of Eucalyptus plantation,which were suitable for factor analysis.The 15 evaluation indicators reflected the information on stand quality in 4 aspects of stand growth,stand site,stand structure and forest health,and the effect of factor analysis was satisfactory.(2)The importance of the stand quality evaluation indicators was in the order of volume per hectare(living timber),biomass per hectare,average height,mean diameter at breast height,forest health degree,total vegetation coverage,desertification degree,soil erosion grade,the thickness of litter,canopy density,soil type,soil thickness,disaster grade,aspect and slope position.(3)The proportion of each stand quality grade in the young forest was Medium>Good>Poor>Excellent>Bad,the proportion of the stand quality grade of half-mature forest and near-mature forest was Medium>Poor>Good>Bad>Excellent,and the proportion of the stand quality grade of mature forest and overmature forest was Poor>Medium>Bad>Good>Excellent.Most of the stand quality of the Eucalyptus plantation in Zhanjiang was medium quality and poor quality,and the older forest age group,the higher the proportion of low-efficiency forest.(4)The volume per hectare(living timber),biomass per hectare,average height and mean diameter at breast height among different age groups of Eucalyptus plantations were significantly different.There were significant differences in the forest health degree and desertification degree in bad forest,and the thickness of leaf litter showed differences among different age groups in the stands with medium and above quality.Other indicators did not differ significantly among different age groups.【Conclusion】(1)The stand quality evaluation system of Eucalyptus plantation constructed in this study comprehensively considered all aspects of the factors reflecting forest quality,which can be applied to the stand quality evaluation of Eucalyptus plantation in Zhanjiang.(2)The threshold value of the stand characteristic index of different age groups divided by quality grade can be used as a preliminary indicative standard to judge the stand quality of Eucalyptus plantation.
作者
邓海燕
申琳琳
胡中洋
张港隆
李韵琦
莫晓勇
DENG Haiyan;SHEN Linlin;HU Zhongyang;ZHANG Ganglong;LI Yunqi;MO Xiaoyong(South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,Guangdong,China;Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China;Guangzhou Collaborative Innovation Center on Science-Tech of Ecology and Landscape,Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Guangzhou 510405,Guangdong,China;Zhanjiang Forestry Fine Varieties Breeding Farm,Zhanjiang 524000,Guangdong,China)
出处
《中南林业科技大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第7期65-73,共9页
Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目“桉树高效培育技术研究”(2016YFD0600505)
林业草原知识产权转化运用项目“华桉3号新品种转化运用”(KJZXZH202103)。
关键词
桉树
林分质量
评价
体系构建
阈值界定
Eucalyptus
stand quality
evaluation
system construction
threshold division
