摘要
苏干湖(包括大、小苏干湖)是祁连山西段山间内陆河流域尾闾湖泊,所在流域仅有少量牧业活动。研究湿地和冰川对气候变化的响应,可为未来水资源保护和利用决策提供支撑。以苏干湖流域气象数据、遥感影像、冰川编目数据、水文监测数据等为基础,识别流域气候变化拐点,分析冰川变化规律、河湖湿地的演变以及冰川和湿地对气候变化的响应。结果表明:1)1956年以来,苏干湖流域年均温呈上升趋势,年降水量先减少后增加,流域气候经历了冷湿-暖干-暖湿等一系列变化。2)冰川的数量、面积和储量都在持续减少,冰川消融加剧。其中≤0.1km^(2)的小冰川数量和面积呈增加趋势,冰川规模越小则越易发生消融。3)1995-2020年地表河流总流程由302.16km延长到325.29km,增长了23.14km;主干河流大哈尔腾河的径流量、径流深都在增加。4)湖泊的面积和水位同步变化,其中大苏干湖面积和水位都有所上升,小苏干湖面积和水位则基本不变。
The Sugan Lake and Xiaosugan Lake are the terminal lakes in the intermontane inland river basin in the western part of Qilian Mountains,where there are only a handful of animal husbandry activities.Studying the response of glaciers and wetlands to climate change can provide support for future water resources protection and utilization decisions.Based on the meteorological data,remote sensing images,Chinese glacier inventory,hydrological monitoring data,etc.of the Sugan Lake Basin,we identify the inflection point of climate change in the basin,and analyze the law of glacier change,the evolution of river-lake wetlands,and the response of glaciers and wetlands to climate change.The results show that:1)The climate in the basin has experienced a series of changes from cold wet to warm dry to warm wet since 1956.The annual average temperature was generally on the rise,the precipitation decreased firstly and then increased.2)The numbers,area and reserves of glaciers were continuously decreasing,and glacier ablation was intensifying.The number and area of small glaciers less than 0.1 km~2 were increasing,so the smaller the glacier was,the easier it melted.3)From 1995 to 2020,the total flow path of the river increased from 302.16 to 325.29km,with an increase of 23.14km.The volume and runoff depth of Daharteng River,one of the main rivers,were increasing.4)The area and water level of the Sugan Lake increased,and that of the Xiaosugan Lake basically unchanged.
作者
王德旺
何萍
张馨予
石岳峰
黄文海
WANG Dewang;HE Ping;ZHANG Xinyu;SHI Yuefeng;HUANG Wenhai(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment,Beijing 100012;Yellow River Institute of Ecological Environment Science,Zhengzhou 450000,China)
出处
《干旱区资源与环境》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第8期107-116,共10页
Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment
基金
柴达木盆地重点流域生态保护规划(QHKF-2021-010)资助。
关键词
气候变化拐点
冰川规模
湿地
响应
climate inflection point
glacier scale
wetland
response
