摘要
风吹雪作为一种由气流挟带起分散的雪粒在近地面运行的二相流现象,在风的作用下发生迁移与重新沉积。风吹雪成灾是雪颗粒、大气流场、微地貌等因素多重作用的结果。拟建伊宁(伊)—阿克苏(阿)铁路穿越尤路都斯盆地,盆地冬春季气候寒冷,降雪量较大,地面常形成较厚的积雪,发育有风吹雪灾害,可对研究区内交通工程安全造成潜在威胁。本文以新疆天山地区尤路都斯盆地风吹雪为研究对象,通过现场气象监测、冬季雪害调查等方法对盆地内积雪与风吹雪特征进行研究。进而以受风吹雪影响较大的拟建铁路阿尔先段为例,系统分析该区段风吹雪成因特征及其工程防治措施。研究发现尤路都斯盆地风吹雪宏观孕灾背景主要是受西伯利亚寒流和蒙古高压的影响,冷空气使盆地产生强劲西北向大风。低温和较低的湿度使得积雪能够以较低密度的形式持续存在,进而在较低风速下启动形成风吹雪。通过拟建铁路阿尔先段典型路堑工程数值模拟研究,得出积雪平台宽度宜设置为5m,下导风板与水平面夹角设为90°,下导风口高度设置为1.6m,下导风板板高设置为5m。研究成果可为寒区交通建设防灾减灾提供有益借鉴。
Snowdrift refers to the two-phase flow in which snow particles disperse by airflow and move close to the ground.The proposed Yining-Aksu Railway traverses Yultuz Basin,where is cold with significant snowfall in the winter and spring.Snowdrift disasters are prevalent in this area and pose a threat to the safety of transportation engineering.In this paper,the characteristics of snow accumulation and snowdrift in Yultuz Basin of the Tian Shan region,Xinjiang are analyzed through the field investigation and in-situ monitoring.Considering the Aerxian section of the proposed railway will be significantly affected by snowdrift,this section is taken as an example to analyze the origin of snowdrift and design of preventive measures.The results indicate the disaster-inducing conditions of snowdrift in Yultuz Basin are mainly influenced by the cold snap from Siberian and high atmospheric pressure system in Mongolian.Cold air induces strong northwester wind in the basin.The snow can be kept in a low-density state in low temperatures and humidity condition and evolves into snowdrift at relative low wind speed.Based on the numerical analysis of the typical road cut section in the Aerxian section of this railway,it is suggest that the snow platform width should be set to 5 meters.The angle between the lower deflector plate and the horizontal plane is 90°,while the height of the lower deflector opening is 1.6 meters,and the height of the lower deflector plate is 5 meters.It is expected to provide reference for disaster prevention and reduction of transportation construction in cold regions.
作者
廖昕
黄凯阳
李梦恒
宋殿君
巫锡勇
文洪
凌斯祥
LIAO Xin;HUANG Kaiyang;LI Mengheng;SONG Dianjun;WU Xiyong;WEN Hong;LING Sixiang(Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China;China Railway Water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design Group,Nanchang 330096,China;China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi an 710043,China;School of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,China)
出处
《工程地质学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期1450-1460,共11页
Journal of Engineering Geology
基金
四川省自然科学基金青年学者项目(资助号:2022NSFSC1117)
中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司横向项目(资助号:2021-0122)
西南交通大学地质工程与测绘工程创新实践基地(资助号:YJG-2022-JD04).
关键词
风吹雪
成因分析
防治措施
尤路都斯盆地
Snowdrift
Origin analysis
Prevention and control measures
Yultuz Basin
