摘要
为了研究马铃薯杂交后代表型性状的分离和遗传变异规律,本研究以116份青薯9号与大西洋的杂交后代和425份青薯9号与品系12-9-33的杂交后代为研究对象,采用性状离散特征描述、Pearson相关性分析和聚类分析等统计学方法对杂交后代的26个性状进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明,2个组合的26个农艺性状都存在广泛而丰富的遗传变异,地上部分各性状之间、地下部分各性状之间以及地上和地下各性状之间都存在复杂的相关性,说明营养生长与生殖生长之间存在一定的遗传关系。2个组合的26个性状中,中亲优势率分别为-45.00%~47.65%和-29.35%~25.35%,超亲优势分别为-30.59%~102.24%和-64.78%~202.80%。根据马铃薯加工产品标准,初步筛选出70个单株,并通过主成分分析,在经过初筛后的70个单株中选出综合性状最优的10个单株。70个后代以及3个亲本在遗传距离10.2处分为五大类群,其中第Ⅰ类群和第Ⅳ类群的品质性状较好,第Ⅴ类群产量较高。
In order to study the separation and genetic variation of phenotypic traits of potato hybrids,116 hybrids of Qingshu9 and Atlantic and 425 hybrids of Qingshu9 and strain 12-9-33 were selected as the research objects.The genetic diversity of 26 traits of the hybrid offspring was analyzed by using statistical methods such as discrete characterization,Pearson correlation analysis and systematic clustering.The results showed that there were extensive and abundant genetic variation in 26 agronomic traits of the two combinations,and complex correlations existed among above-ground,underground and above-ground traits,indicating that there was a certain genetic relationship between vegetative growth and reproductive growth.Among the 26 characters of the two combinations,the mid-parent heterosis rates were from-45.00% to 47.65% and from-29.35% to 25.35%,respectively,and the over-parent heterosis rates were from-30.59% to 102.24% and from-64.78% to 202.80%,respectively.According to some standards of potato processing products,70 individual plants were preliminarily screened,and through principal component analysis,10 individual plants with the best comprehensive traits were selected from the 70 individual plants after preliminary screening.The 70 offspring and three parents were divided into 5 groups at 10.2 genetic distance,among which the quality characters of GroupⅠand GroupⅣwere better,and the yield of GroupⅤwas higher.
作者
李雅萍
王舰
王芳
LI Yaping;WANG Jian;WANG Fang(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Qinghai Tibet Plateau Biotechnology of Ministry of Education,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Potato Breeding,Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Xining 810016,China)
出处
《种子》
北大核心
2023年第7期36-49,共14页
Seed
基金
青海省科技厅帅才科学家项目“高原马铃薯育种能力创新体系及种业生产能力提升”(2023-NK-146)
财政部和农业农村部
国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-10)。
关键词
马铃薯
变异系数
遗传多样性指数
聚类分析
主成分分析
potatoes
coefficient of variation
genetic diversity index
clustering analysis
principal component analysis
