摘要
选取生境质量、气候、海拔和生境类型等因子,构建生物多样性维护功能综合评估模型,对黄河流域2000~2020年生物多样性维护功能时空变化特征进行了研究,并利用地理探测器对影响因子进行探测分析.结果表明:构建的评估模型能够较准确地评估黄河流域生物多样性维护功能.黄河流域生物多样性维护功能整体呈东南高,西北低的空间分布特征,高值区主要分布在横断山脉、秦岭山区、子午岭、吕梁山脉、太行山脉和泰沂山脉,低值区则广泛分布在西部荒漠、黄河源区以及城镇建设区.2000~2020年黄河流域整体生物多样性维护功能持续提升,维护功能为强和极强的区域面积占比近20a增加了13.41%.黄河流域生物多样性维护功能在空间上呈现极强的空间自相关,呈现出两极聚集的特征.生境质量是生物多样性维护功能空间分异最重要的影响因子,年降水量、年均温和生境类型3个影响因子对生物多样性空间分异的解释力也较大,研究期间人为因素的解释力逐渐增加.(5)2000~2020年黄河流域生物多样性维护功能变化主要由生境类型和生境质量的变化驱动,其中生境类型变化是生物多样性维护功能下降和明显提升的主要原因.未来要以科学绿化为指导,以宜林则林、宜草则草、宜荒则荒为原则,科学合理地开展造林种草活动,将生境类型从维护功能低的类型向高类型转变,此外对生境类型的质量提升应是未来生态工程实施的重点.
This study constructed a model that incorporates habitat quality,climate,altitude,and habitat type to comprehensively assess the biodiversity maintenance function.The spatio-temporal variation characteristics of biodiversity maintenance function in the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2020were analyzed,and the impact factors were detected and analyzed using GeoDetector.The model accurately assessed the biodiversity maintenance function of the Yellow River Basin.The southeast region had a high biodiversity maintenance function,while the northwest region had a low function.The Hengduan Mountains,Qinling Mountains,Ziwuling Mountains,Luliang Mountains,Taihang Mountains,and Taiyi Mountains had high biodiversity maintenance function,while the western desert,the source region of the Yellow River,and the urban construction area had low biodiversity maintenance function.The biodiversity maintenance function of the Yellow River Basin continued to improve from 2000 to 2020,and the proportion of areas with strong or extremely strong biodiversity maintenance function increased by 13.41%in the past 20 years.The biodiversity maintenance function of the Yellow River Basin showed strong spatial autocorrelation and polar aggregation.Habitat quality was the most important factor affecting the spatial variation in biodiversity maintenance function.Annual precipitation and average annual mild habitat type also had significant explanatory power,and human factors gradually increased in explanatory power over the study period.The change in biodiversity maintenance function of the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2020 was mainly driven by the change in habitat type and habitat quality,with habitat type being the main reason for the decrease and increase in biodiversity maintenance function.In the future,scientific afforestation,afforestation,and grass planting should be carried out to change the habitat type from low maintenance function to high maintenance function.Additionally,ecological engineering implementation should focus on improving the quality of habitat types.
作者
李静
李帅
张英
庞嘉诚
LI Jing;LI Shuai;ZHANG Ying;PANG Jia-cheng(Research Institute of Forestry Policy and Information,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Experimental Center of Desert Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Dengkou 015200,China;Zhejiang A&F University,Lin’an 311300,China)
出处
《中国环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第9期4780-4790,共11页
China Environmental Science
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CAFYBB2021ZB003)。
关键词
生物多样性
维护功能
时空变化
地理探测器
黄河流域
biodiversity
maintenance function
spatio-temporal variation
GeoDetector
Yellow River Basin
