摘要
风险负担规则和履行不能制度在合同法中扮演重要角色。风险负担规则与履行不能制度在处理由不可归责于当事人引起的标的物毁损灭失时存在重叠和交叉。风险负担规则主要关注交付后标的物的毁损灭失情况,着眼于不可归责于当事人的事由所导致的风险分担。而履行不能制度则更广泛,涵盖了法律不能、事实不能和经济不能等多种履行不能的情形。在履行不能制度下,一旦发生履行不能,债务人的给付义务会被免除,债权人的对待给付义务也会相应消失,赔偿或补偿责任可能转移,债务关系发生变更。通过厘清二者在何种情形下存在竞合与冲突,合理协调其适用,可以为处理合同履行中的风险问题提供有益的指导和依据。
The risk burden rule and the inability to perform system play an important role in contract law.There are overlaps and crossover between the risk-bearing rule and the non-performance system in dealing with the damage and loss of the subject matter that cannot be attributed to the parties.The risk burden rule mainly focuses on the damage and loss of the subject matter after delivery,focusing on the risk sharing caused by the causes that are not attributable to the parties.The system of non-performance is broader,covering legal non-performance,factual non-performance and economic non-performance.Under the non-performance system,once non-performance occurs,the debtor's payment obligation will be exempted,the creditor's treatment and payment obligation will disappear accordingly,the liability of compensation or compensation may be transferred,and the debt relationship will be changed.By clarifying the situations in which the two concur and conflict and coordinating their application reasonably,it can provide useful guidance and basis for dealing with the risk problems in contract performance.
作者
张悦言
ZHANG Yueyan(School of Law,Qinghai Minzu University,Xining 810007,China)
出处
《运城学院学报》
2023年第4期78-83,共6页
Journal of Yuncheng University
基金
青海民族大学研究生创新项目(04M2023051)。
关键词
履行不能
风险负担
合同履行
non-performance
risk burden rules
performance of the contract
