摘要
目的 分析云南省罗平县农村老年人高血压患病与自我管理现状,探讨其对日常生活活动能力(ADL)的影响。方法 采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法在云南省罗平县抽取962名60岁及以上老年人进行问卷调查和血压测量。结果 调查地区农村老年人高血压患病率为55.7%;老年高血压患者的并发症患病率为17.4%,遵照医嘱服药率、自我血压监测率和采取降压措施率分别为82.3%、81.9%和96.2%。老年人ADL、躯体性生活能力(PADL)和工具性生活能力(IADL)受损率分别为28.5%、15.4%和28.1%。多因素分析显示,老年人高血压可能会增加PADL受损风险(OR=1.680,95%CI:1.121~2.520),老年高血压患者伴有并发症可能会增加ADL和IADL受损风险(OR=2.505,95%CI:1.192~5.267;OR=2.273,95%CI:1.078~4.789);而老年高血压患者进行自我血压监测可能会降低ADL、PADL和IADL受损风险(OR=0.264,95%CI:0.120~0.582;OR=0.350,95%CI:0.194~0.511;OR=0.243,95%CI:0.109~0.541),采取降压措施可能会降低ADL和IADL受损风险(OR=0.104,95%CI:0.022~0.501;OR=0.097,95%CI:0.020~0.468)。结论 应根据不同特征对老年人采取有针对性的措施,预防和控制高血压,提升患者自我管理能力,从而减少或延缓老年人ADL受损。
Objective To analyze the status of the prevalence and self-management of hypertension among rural elderly in Luoping County of Yunnan province,and its effect on the activities of daily living(ADL).Methods A total of 962 elderly people aged 60 and above were selected by multistage stratified random sampling method in Luoping County,Yunnan Province for questionnaire survey and blood pressure(BP)measurement.Results Among the study population,the overall prevalence of hypertension was 55.7%.The prevalence of complications among elderly hypertensive patients was 17.4%.The rates of taking medication as prescribed,self-monitoring of BP and taking antihypertensive measures to control BP were 82.3%,81.9%and 96.2%,respectively.The impairment rates of ADL,physical activities of daily living(PADL),and instrumental activities of daily living(IADL)of the elderly was 28.5%,15.4%,and 28.1%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that older adults with hypertension may have an increased risk of PADL(OR=1.680,95%CI:1.121-2.520)and that having hypertensive complications may increase the risk of ADL and IADL(OR=2.505,95%CI:1.192-5.267;OR=2.273,95%CI:1.078-4.789).Self-monitoring of BP in elderly patients with hypertension may reduce the risk of impairement of ADL,PADL,and IADL(OR=0.264,95%CI:0.120-0.582;OR=0.350,95%CI:0.194-0.511;OR=0.243,95%CI:0.109-0.541),taking antihypertensive measures to control BP may reduce the risk of impairement of ADL and IADL(OR=0.104,95%CI:0.022-0.501;OR=0.097,95%CI:0.020-0.468).Conclusion According to different characteristics of the elderly,targeted measures should be taken to prevent and control hypertension,improve patients’self-management ability,and thus reduce or delay ADL damage in the elderly.
作者
莫怡
刘岚
李锦波
王旭明
范卢明
蔡乐
MO Yi;LIU Lan;LI Jinbo;WANG Xuming;FAN Luming;CAI Le(School of Public Health,Kunming Medical University,Kunming,Yunnan 650500,China;Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming,Yunnan 650032,China)
出处
《重庆医学》
CAS
2023年第18期2839-2843,2849,共6页
Chongqing medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(72064026)
云南省创新团队培育计划项目(202005AE160002)
云南省科技厅-昆医联合专项项目(202101AY070001-098,202001AY070001-022)。
关键词
老年人
高血压
患病率
自我管理
日常生活活动能力
the aged
hypertension
prevalence rate
self-management
ability of daily living
