摘要
知识分子的病态书写在众多文学作品中均有涉及,《八骏图》和《高老夫子》也不例外。在这两部小说中,“本我”被“超我”掩盖,“本我”欲望的象征是“海”与“花”,主人公通过回归“自我”以找寻平衡。鲁迅和沈从文对于病态知识分子的塑造具有一定的相通性,可以通过弗洛伊德精神分析学说中的人格分析理论对主人公进行全方位透视,人格组成的三部分——“自我”“本我”“超我”——在病态知识分子那里处于一种失衡状态,三者不断博弈,“本我”的欲望在“超我”的束缚下掩埋,但又不乏以各种形式溢出,“自我”的登场以现实主义为原则协调“本我”与“超我”间的差异,使知识分子能够在其中找到一个平衡点合情合理地释放自己的真实欲望。总体来讲,沈、鲁二人对这类知识分子的讽刺是明显的,揭示出这类“文明人”的文明病。
The pathological writing of intellectuals is involved in many literary works,and The Painting of Eight Steeds and Professor Gao are no exception.In these two novels,the“id”is covered by the“superego”,and the symbol of the"id"desire is represented by“sea”and“flower”.The protagonist finds the balance by returning to the“ego”.Lu Xun and Shen Congwen have certain commonalities in shaping pathological intellectuals.They can conduct an all-round perspective on the hero through the personality analysis theory in Freud's psychoanalysis theory.The three parts of personality:“ego”,“id”and“superego”,are in an unbalanced state from the pathological intellectuals,and the three are constantly competing.The desire of“id”is buried under the constraint of“superego”,while overflows in various forms.The appearance of“ego”harmonizes the difference between“id”and“superego”with the principle of realism,so that intellectuals can find a balance point to release their real desire reasonably.In general,Shen and Lu's satire of such intellectuals is obvious,revealing the civilization disease of such“civilized people”.
作者
刘璐萍
Liu Luping(Communication University of China,Bejing 100024)
出处
《西部学刊》
2023年第17期95-98,共4页
Journal of Western
关键词
自我
本我
超我
文明病
病态知识分子
ego
id
superego
civilization disease
pathological intllectuals
