摘要
目的分析重庆市潼南区水痘流行病学特征及疫苗接种情况,为潼南区制定水痘防控策略提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2018—2022年潼南区水痘病例,使用描述流行病学方法分析水痘流行病学特征。结果2018—2022年重庆市潼南区共报告水痘病例4532例,年均报告发病率127.94/10万,发病率呈波浪形上升趋势(趋势χ^(2)=5.680,P<0.05)。5—6月和11—12月为发病高峰,发病年龄主要在5岁~组,平均发病率为921.33/10万。共报告水痘暴发疫情38起,均发生在学校,小学校园为主要暴发场所(25起)。2018—2022年潼南区1~6岁儿童水痘疫苗第一剂次接种率为28.10%,第二剂次接种率为2.67%。所有水痘病例中,有水痘疫苗接种史240人、占5.30%。结论潼南区水痘发病率较高,主要发生在小学及托幼机构,建议进一步做好学校疫情防控,加强水痘疫苗2剂次接种,尽早建立儿童免疫屏障。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the varicella and the status of vaccination,so as to provide scientific basis for formulating the measures of varicella prevention and control in Tongnan district of Chongqing.Methods The information of the cases with varicella reported in Tongnan district from 2018 to 2022 were collected from China disease prevention and control information system.The epidemiological characteristics of varicella were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological method.Results Totally 4532 cases with varicella were reported in Tongnan district of Chongqing from 2018 to 2022,with the average annual reported incidence of 127.94/100000.The incidence rate showed wavy upward trend(trendχ^(2)=5.680,P0.05).The peak of incidence was from May to June and from November to December.The cases concentrated in the age group 5-9 years,with the average incidence rate of 921.33/100000.There were 38 varicella outbreaks reported,and all outbreaks occurred in schools.Mainly outbreaks happened at primary schools(25outbreaks).From 2018 to 2022,the first and second dose vaccination rate of varicella was 28.10%and 2.67%,respectively in the children aged 1-6 years in Tongnan district.There were 240 cases(accounting for 5.30%)had the history of inoculation of varicella vaccine.Conclusions The incidence of varicella is high and the cases mainly occur at primary schools and childcare center in Tongnan district.It is suggested to further improve the prevention and control in schools.Two-dose vaccination of varicella should be strengthened for establishing the immunological barrier in children as soon as possible.
作者
沈鹏宇
王奕锦
袁秀安
王东
SHEN Peng-yu;WANG Yi-jin;YUAN Xiu-an;WANG Dong(The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Tongnan District,Chongqing 402660,China)
出处
《疾病预防控制通报》
2023年第4期55-58,共4页
Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)
关键词
水痘
流行病学特征
疫苗接种
Varicella
Epidemiological characteristic
Vaccination
