摘要
为探明化肥与高碳基肥配施对重庆酸性植烟土壤特性和烟叶品质的影响,通过田间试验,设置高碳基肥替代化肥氮0(CK)、9%(T1)、18%(T2)、27%(T3)和36%(T4)处理,研究不同处理烟田土壤有机碳含量、酶活性、烤烟生长发育特性及烟叶品质特征。结果表明,T3处理显著增加土壤有机碳、可溶性有机碳、微生物量碳和易氧化有机碳含量。随着高碳基肥替代量增加,土壤蔗糖酶和纤维素酶活性均呈现先增加后降低的趋势,且均为T3处理最高。与CK相比,T4处理显著提高了土壤pH与速效钾含量。相关分析表明,土壤纤维素酶和多酚氧化酶活性均与易氧化有机碳、微生物量碳、速效钾含量呈显著正相关关系。主成分分析表明,与CK相比,施用高碳基肥处理使土壤有机碳和酶活性发生明显变化,且随高碳基肥替代量的增加愈加明显。施用高碳基肥显著提高烟株生长后期干物质积累及产量,其中T3处理烟叶产量和产值分别较对照增加19.19%和23.24%。高碳基肥处理提高了烟叶还原糖含量、总糖含量、钾含量、两糖比和糖碱比,改善了感官质量。综上,重庆烟区在施氮量102.4kg/hm2时,施用73%化肥氮+27%高碳基肥氮可以改善土壤环境并提高烟叶产质量。
In order to explore the effects of combined application of chemical fertilizers and high-carbon base fertilizers on the characteristics of acid tobacco-planted soil and tobacco leaf quality in Chongqing,a field experiment with different treatments was conducted:the high-carbon based fertilizer replacing 0(CK),9%(T1),18%(T2),27%(T3)and 36%(T4)chemical fertilizers,respectively.Soil organic carbon content,enzyme activity,flue-cured tobacco growth and development and tobacco leaf quality characteristics of tobacco field under different treatments were studied.The results showed that the T3 treatment significantly increased the contents of soil organic carbon,soluble organic carbon,microbial biomass carbon and oxidizable organic carbon.With the increase of high-carbon base fertilizer substitution,soil sucrase and cellulase activities showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and both were the highest in the T3 treatment.Compared with CK,the T4 treatment significantly improved soil pH and available potassium content.The correlation analysis showed that the activities of soil cellulase and polyphenol oxidase were significantly positively correlated with oxidizable organic carbon,microbial biomass carbon and available potassium content.Principal component analysis showed that compared with CK,the application of high-carbon based fertilizer treatments significantly changed soil organic carbon and enzyme activities,and it became more obvious with the increase of high-carbon base fertilizer replacement.The application of the high-carbon base fertilizer significantly increased dry matter accumulation and yield at the late growth stage of tobacco plants,and yield and yield value of tobacco leaves treated with T3 increased by 19.19%and 23.24%,respectively,compared with the control.The treatments of high-carbon based fertilizer increased the reducing sugar,total sugar,potassium content,two-sugar ratio and sugar-base ratio of tobacco leaves,and improved the sensory quality.In summary,when the nitrogen was applied at a rate of 102.4 kg/hm2 in the tobacco-planted area of Chongqing,the application of 73%chemical fertilizer nitrogen and 27%high-carbon base fertilizer nitrogen could improve the soil environment and yield and quality of tobacco leaves.
作者
李学芹
华仲臣
冯亿忠
胡心雨
沈铮
潘昊东
蒋洪财
武云杰
姚鹏伟
LI Xueqin;HUA Zhongchen;FENG Yizhong;HU Xinyu;SHEN Zheng;PAN Haodong;JIANG Hongcai;WU Yunjie;YAO Pengwei(College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University,National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Center,Key Laboratory for Tobacco Cultivation of Tobacco Industry,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Chongqing Tobacco Company Wulong Branch,Chongqing 408500,China;China Tobacco Chongqing Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 400060,China)
出处
《中国烟草科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期1-8,共8页
Chinese Tobacco Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41907076)
中国烟草总公司重庆市公司武隆分公司项目(C20231NY3417、C20221NY3428)。
关键词
高碳基肥
土壤有机碳
酶活性
土壤养分
产量
high-carbon base fertilizer
soil organic carbon
enzyme activity
soil nutrients
yield
