摘要
“意外”主要有非常规和不合理两个来源,其中非常规占据主导地位。意外特征可以导致功能的语用迁移,自信与否和命题的消极积极在迁移中共同起作用。当说话人不自信时,语句语力迁移至疑问,包括揣测问、原因/理论问、细节/焦点问、信息来源问四种;当说话人自信时,如果命题积极,则有语用肯定解读,如果命题消极,则迁移至语用否定。感叹与意外始终是共生的,叠加在疑问、语用肯定、语用否定的语力之上。
There are two main sources of"mirativity",the unconventional and the irrational,in which the unconventional is dominant.Mirativity can lead to pragmatic transfer of function.Whether the speaker is confident and the proposition is positive work together in this process.When the speaker is not confident,the illocutionary force transfers to interrogation,seeking for confirmaiton,for reason/theory,for detail/focus and for information source.When the speaker is confident,the illocutionary force will transfer to pragmatic affirmation if the proposition is positive,while if the proposition is negative,it will move to pragmatic negation.Exclamation and surprise are always symbiotic,superimposed on interrogation,pragmatic affirmation,and pragmatic negation.
作者
陈振宇
包笑婷
Chen Zhenyu;Bao Xiaoting
出处
《当代修辞学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第5期20-33,共14页
Contemporary Rhetoric
基金
上海哲学社会科学一般项目“汉语反事实与非事实条件句定量分析与计算”(项目编号:2019BYY001)的阶段性成果。
关键词
意外
疑问
语用否定
感叹
语用迁移
自信
积极消极
mirativity
interrogation
pragmatic negation
exclamation
pragmatic transfer
confident
positiveor negative
