摘要
长期以来,康德一直被描绘成一位纯粹的道德哲学家,平等主义、普遍主义以及世界主义构想是康德哲学最为难以撼动的成就与结论之一。但是读者在康德哲学中也发现了诸多关于非白人种族的激烈且贬损性的评论,这些评论散见于康德不同时期关于人类学和自然地理学的著作和讲稿之中。这种鲜明的反差在某种意义上揭示出了康德的种族理论与其提倡的普遍主义、平等主义及其世界主义构想之间难以解决的矛盾。本文追溯了康德散见于各个文本种关于非白人种族的贬损性评论以及康德的文本关于人种划分的胚芽和自然禀赋理论,梳理了讨论康德种族问题的文献脉络,尤其是吉米·雅布的终结性讨论,以期揭示康德人类学的疑难。
Kant has long been portrayed as a purely moral philosopher,and egalitarianism,universalism and the construction of cosmopolitanism are among the most unassailable achievements and conclusions of Kant s philosophy.But readers also find in Kant a number of fierce and dismissive comments about non-White races,scattered throughout Kant s writings and lectures on anthropology and physical geography in different periods.This striking contrast in a sense reveals the intractable contradiction between Kant s theory of human races and his advocacy of universalism,egalitarianism and the construction cosmopolitanism.This article reveals Kant s anthropological dilemma in his dismissive comments on non-White races in his works as well as the theoretical germ and natural predispositions on the division of the human races,with a summary literature review on his theory of human races,especially Jimmy Jab s conclusive discussion.
作者
毛竹
MAO Zhu(University of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China;Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100732,China)
出处
《云南大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
2023年第5期14-26,共13页
The Journal of Yunnan University:Social Sciences Edition
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“斯宾诺莎《梵蒂冈抄本》编译研究”(项目号:19CZX044)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
康德的种族理论
康德的普遍主义
胚芽
自然禀赋
人种
Kant s theory of human races
Kant s universalism
germ(Keime)
natural predispositions(natürliche Anlagen)
human races
