摘要
针对精冲领域高端冲头依赖进口的现状,河冶科技在冲头用M42高速钢的基础上,围绕成分、组织、制备工艺等几个方面进行研究,开发出了性能更好、寿命更长的冲头专用钢。从影响冲头使用寿命的材料颗粒度、不均匀度、硬度以及热处理等因素中明确了关键指标,并对其进行了评价及控制。结合热力学软件Thermo-Calc对其进行热力学计算,得到了M42钢转变过程中的主要组成相及其溶解温度,Ac1和Ac3计算结果分别为834℃和852℃。结合金相显微镜、扫描电镜等检测手段,分析了冲头专用钢M42的组织,特别是碳化物的尺寸和分布;研究了退火态和热处理态中第二相的析出规律,并评价了性能。结果表明:经过热加工变形和退火后,冲头用钢M42中碳化物均匀细小,淬火温度在1 160~1 180℃时晶粒度控制在9~10级,530~570℃回火后具备优异的强度和韧性。经过合理的热处理,硬度达到66.5~67.5 HRC,无缺口摆锤冲击试验测得的冲击韧性>15 J,满足冲头领域对材料性能的需求。
In view of the current situation that high-end punches in the field of fine blanking rely on imports,Heye Technology has developed a special steel for punches with better performance and longer life based on M42 high-speed steel for punches,focusing on several aspects such as composition,structure and preparation process.Key indicators are identified,evaluated and controlled from factors such as material particle size,unevenness,hardness and heat treatment that affect the service life of the punch.Combined with the thermodynamic software Thermo-Calc,the thermodynamic calculation of the main component phase and its dissolution temperature in the transition process of M42 steel was obtained,and the calculation results of Ac1 and Ac3 were 834℃and 852℃,respectively.Combined with metallographic microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and other detection methods,the microstructure of M42 special steel for punches was analyzed,especially the size and distribution of carbides.The precipitation law of the second phase in the annealed state and the heat treatment state was studied,and the performance was evaluated.The results show that after hot working deformation and annealing,the carbides in the steel M42 for punches are uniform and fine,the grain size is controlled at 9~10 when the quenching temperature is 1160~1180℃,and it has excellent strength and toughness after tempering at 530~570℃.After reasonable heat treatment,the hardness reaches 66.5~67.5 HRC,and the impact toughness measured by the impact test of the notched pendulum more than 15 J,which meets the needs of material properties in the field of punches.
作者
李惠
王然
尤晓东
张贝贝
张巍
Li Hui;Wang Ran;You Xiaodong;Zhang Beibei;Zhang Wei(Heye Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shijiazhuang 052165,Hebei;Hebei High-speed Tool Steel Technology Innovation Center,Shijiazhuang 052165,Hebei;Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of High-Quality Mold Materials,Shijiazhuang 052165,Hebei)
出处
《河北冶金》
2023年第9期42-45,82,共5页
Hebei Metallurgy
基金
河北省省级科技计划资助(20311006D)。
关键词
M42
高速钢
冲头
热处理
硬度
韧性
M42
high-speed steel
punches
heat treatment
hardness
toughness
