摘要
优质柚类新品种水蜜柚是从一个地方柚实生单株选育而来的。果实呈圆球形或扁圆形,果形指数0.81左右,平均单果质量977 g,果皮光滑,整齐度高,耐贮存。果肉黄绿色、汁多化渣,可食率达65%,全果出汁率51%,可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)11.2%,可滴定酸含量0.08%,维生素C含量28.2 mg·100 g^(-1)。在湖南省常德市4月开花,11月底至12月初成熟。水蜜柚树势中庸,挂果后偏弱,需加强肥水管理,栽培管理的关键在于促根,对炭疽病较敏感,抗寒性较弱,冬季低温需采取防寒措施,其他抗性与普通蜜柚类似。
A new pomelo cultivar Shuimiyou originated from an individual seedling,which was found at Taoyuan County of Hunan province.It was initially selected in 2008 for its high-quality,low-acid,soft-flesh and high juice content.To further observe the propagation and characteristics of the cultivar,it was grafted and propagated in 2009.Through many years of investigation on botanical/biological characteristics and fruit quality during the citrus bearing seasons,this new cultivar showed excellent genetic stability and high fruit quality.After test of the distinctness,uniformity and stability,the new pomelo cultivar Shuimiyou was finally selected in 2018.It was registered by Changde Institute of Agriculture and Forestry and Changde Guofeng Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd[GPD Citrus(2018)430020].The average fruit weight is 977 g.The longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter of the fruit are 14 mm and 17 mm,respectively.The shape of fruit is oblate or spherical,and the average fruit shape index is 0.81.The peel is yellow-green in color with a smooth surface.The thickness of pericarp is about 1.3 cm and the edible rate is up to 65%of the whole fruit.The juice extraction rate is as high as 79 percent.The soluble solid content(SSC)is 11.2%.The total sugar content is 3.24 g per 100 g juice.The titratable acid content is 0.08%.The ascorbic acid content is 28.2 mg per 100 g of fruit juice.The fruit of this cultivar can be stored for almost 6 months at room temperature in Changde city of Hunan province,and the annual supply can be basically realized under cold storage condition.Spring-growing shoots of Shuimiyou are sensitive to low temperature,resulting in curly leaves.There are hairs on immature fruit surface of Shuimiyou.The phenological period of Shuimiyou is slightly later than the ordinary pomelo varieties.The period of sprouting of spring bud is in March,flowering period is in mid-late April to early-mid May,and the full blossom period is in early May.The first physiological fruit drop period is in early-mid May,the second physiological fruit drop is in early-mid June,and the fruit ripening period is from late November to early December in Changde city of Hunan province.The tree has intermediate vigor and the main fruit-bearing shoots are sprouting in spring.The average yield with 6-10 years old trees reaches up to 2508 kg per 666.7 m^(2).After years of observation,it was found that the cold tolerance of Shuimiyou was poor.During the whole development stage,the lowest temperature cannot be less than-5℃,and the lowest temperature at seedling stage cannot be less than-3℃.In winter,chill-proof measures should be taken in northern area of Hunan.The tree vigor of Shuimiyou is moderate and it will become weak after fruiting.The cultivation should focus on promoting root growth and strengthening fertilizer and water management to ensure the balance between vegetative and reproductive growth.
作者
段慧
路瑶
罗彬彬
李树举
肖良春
DUAN Hui;LU Yao;LUO Binbin;LI Shuju;XIAO Liangchun(Changde Institute of Agriculture and Forestry Science,Changde 415000,Hunan,China;Changde Experimental Station of Hunan Modern Agricultural(Fruit)Industry Technology System,Changde 415000,Hunan,China;Changde Guofeng Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd,Changde 415000,Hunan,China)
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第9期2016-2019,共4页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
湖南省现代农业(水果)产业技术体系常德试验站
常德市柚类工程技术研究中心(CD016-20210105-802772)
常德市科技创新项目(CDKJJ20220275)。
关键词
柚
新品种
水蜜柚
优质
Pomelo
New cultivar
Shuimiyou
Hight-quality
