摘要
以浑善达克沙地固定沙丘风蚀坑积沙区为研究对象,依据固定沙丘活化形成风蚀坑积沙区的特点铺设纱网沙障,积沙区不同铺设方式下设计4 m×4 m网格沙障(S1)和4 m带状沙障(S2);积沙区不同空间位置下使用4 m×4 m网格沙障铺设积沙区前段(L1)、积沙区中段(L2)和积沙区后段(L3)3个空间部位;以流动沙地为对照(CK),采用野外取样和温室内萌发的方法,探讨纱网沙障在积沙区不同铺设方式下及不同空间位置下对土壤种子库的影响。结果表明,1)不同处理下土壤种子库物种组成及种子密度不同,同一物种在不同处理的土壤种子库中出现时种子密度也存在差异;禾本科、藜科、菊科植物种在土壤种子库中出现比例均较高,分别占31.3%、25.0%和18.8%,占总物种数的75.0%;败酱科、豆科、毛茛科、唇形科、苋科在土壤种子库中均有出现。不同处理间S1物种种类最多,达12种,CK种类最少,仅有5种。2)风蚀坑积沙区经纱网沙障治理后,土壤种子库中植物物种数、种子密度和物种多样性均呈增加趋势;不同铺设方式下S1处理及不同空间位置下L2处理的1年生植物和多年生植物种子数均为最高。3)土壤种子库中Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpsin指数、Pielou均匀度指数和Margalef丰富度指数在不同空间位置下均表现为L2>L1>L3>CK;在不同铺设方式下均表现S1>S2>CK(Pielou均匀度指数除外)。此外,经过治理后,土壤种子库的恢复成效与沙化草地相近,与CK显著不同。设置纱网沙障改善了风蚀坑流动沙地土壤种子库结构,对快速恢复植被,促进流动沙地植被演替具有重要作用。
As a potential source of natural vegetation renewal,soil seed bank plays an important role in the natural restoration,renewal and succession of vegetation.This study took the sand accumulation area of the fixed dune wind erosion pit occurring in the Otindag sandy land as the research object,two kinds of gauze(made from polyethylene,PE)sand barriers were set according the characteristics of the sand accumulation area of the wind erosion pit formed by the activation of fixed dunes:checkerboard type(S1)with a size of 4 m×4 m and striped type(S2)with a width of 4 m.Sand barriers were set up in different spatial positions of the sand accumulation area:the front(L1),middle(L2),and the rear(L3)sections of the sand accumulation area.The moving sand land(without setting PE gauze sand barrier)was used as the control.The methods of field sampling and germination measurement in the greenhouse were used to explore the effect of different laying methods and different setting spatial positions in the sand accumulation area.The results showed 1)the species composition and seed densities of soil seed banks were different under different treatments,and the seed densities of the same species were also different when they appeared in soil seed banks under different treatments.Gramineae,Chenopodiaceae and Compositae species were found high proportions in the soil seed bank,accounting for 31.3%,25.0%and 18.8%,respectively,which accounted for 75.0%of the total species.Valerianaceae,Leguminosae,Ranunculacea,Labiatae,Amaranthaceae all appeared in the soil seed bank.Among different treatments,the most species types(12)were found in S1,the least(only 5 species)in the control.2)For different types of sand barriers,the number of plant species,seed density and species diversity in the soil seed bank showed increasing trends in S1 treatment.The seed numbers of annual plants and perennial plants were the highest in the S1 treatment and the L2 treatment under different spatial positions.3)The Shannon-Wiener index,Simpson index,Pielou evenness index and Margalef richness index in the soil seed bank were in the order of L2>L1>L3>control under different spatial position treatments.Under different setting type,and they were in the order of S1>S2>CK(except Pielou evenness index).In addition,after governance,the restoration effect of soil seed bank was similar to that of desertified grassland,but significantly different from that of the control.Setting sand barriers with PE gauze improves the structure of the soil seed bank in the wind erosion pit and plays an important role in the rapid restoration of vegetation and the promotion of vegetation succession in the moving sand.
作者
高海燕
闫德仁
胡小龙
袁立敏
杨制国
黄海广
张胜男
GAO Hai-yan;YAN De-ren;HU Xiao-long;YUAN Li-min;YANG Zhi-guo;HUANG Hai-guang;ZHANG Sheng-nan(Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry,Hohhot 010010,Inner Mongolia,China;Inner Mongolia Duolunhunshandake Sand Ecosystem Research Station,Xilingol 027300,Inner Mongolia,China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Sandy Land Biological Resources Conservation and Cultivation,Hohhot 010010,Inner Mongolia,China)
出处
《西北林学院学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期93-101,共9页
Journal of Northwest Forestry University
基金
内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0031)。
关键词
风蚀坑
纱网沙障
土壤种子库
浑善达克沙地
wind erosion pit
gauze checkerboard sand barrier
soil seed bank
Otindag sandy land
