摘要
本试验旨在研究小麦-豆粕型饲粮中添加不同水平金菊黄和一品红对黄羽肉鸡生长性能,背部皮肤、腹部皮肤、胫脚和腹脂颜色以及色素沉积基因表达的影响,为天然类胡萝卜素在肉鸡上的应用提供参考。选取540只健康状况良好且体重相近的1日龄麻黄肉公鸡,随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复30只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,色素1组在基础饲粮中添加1000 mg/kg金菊黄和1000 mg/kg一品红,色素2组在基础饲粮中添加2000 mg/kg金菊黄和2000 mg/kg一品红。试验期48 d。结果表明:1)色素1组48日龄体重以及22~48日龄和1~48日龄平均日增重均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),色素1、2组22~48日龄和1~48日龄料重比显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。2)对于背部皮肤,与对照组相比,色素2组21日龄亮度(L^(∗))值显著降低(P<0.05),色素1、2组屠宰后45 min L^(∗)值显著降低(P<0.05);色素2组35日龄红度(a^(∗))值显著升高(P<0.05),色素1、2组屠宰后45 min和48 h a^(∗)值均显著升高(P<0.05);色素1、2组21、35、48日龄以及屠宰后45 min和48 h黄度(b^(∗))值均显著升高(P<0.05),且色素2组21、35和48日龄b^(∗)值显著高于色素1组(P<0.05)。3)对于腹部皮肤,与对照组相比,色素2组屠宰后45 min和48 h L^(∗)值显著降低(P<0.05);色素1、2组21日龄、48日龄以及屠宰后45 min和48 h a^(∗)值显著升高(P<0.05),且色素2组21日龄a^(∗)值显著高于色素1组(P<0.05);色素1、2组21、35、48日龄以及屠宰后45 min和48 h b^(∗)值均显著升高(P<0.05),且色素2组21日龄和屠宰后48 h b^(∗)值显著高于色素1组(P<0.05)。4)对于胫脚,与对照组相比,色素1、2组35日龄L^(∗)值显著降低(P<0.05);色素1、2组21、35和48日龄a^(∗)值显著升高(P<0.05);色素1、2组21、35和48日龄b^(∗)值显著升高(P<0.05),且色素2组35和48日龄b^(∗)值显著高于色素1组(P<0.05)。5)对于腹脂,与对照组相比,色素1、2组48日龄a^(∗)和b^(∗)值均显著升高(P<0.05),且色素2组48日龄b^(∗)值显著高于色素1组(P<0.05)。6)与对照组相比,色素1、2组皮肤、肝脏和肾脏中β-胡萝卜素-9′,10′-加氧酶(BCO2)基因表达量均显著升高(P<0.05)。综上所述,小麦-豆粕型饲粮中添加金菊黄和一品红可改善肉鸡生长性能以及不同阶段皮肤和腹脂着色效果,同时影响色素沉积基因表达,且低添加水平(1000 mg/kg)改善生长性能效果优于高添加水平(2000 mg/kg),但高添加水平着色效果优于低添加水平。
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of goldenrod and poinsettia added to the wheat-soybean meal diet on growth performance,color of back skin,abdominal skin,tibial and abdominal fat and pigment deposition gene expression of yellow-feathered chickens,to provide reference for the application of natural carotenoids in chickens.A total of 540 healthy one-day-old ephedra male chickens with similar body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 30 chickens per replicate.Chickens in the control group were fed a basal diet,chickens in pigment 1 group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 1000 mg/kg goldenrod and 1000 mg/kg poinsettia,and chickens in pigment 2 group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 2000 mg/kg goldenrod and 2000 mg/kg poinsettia.The experiment lasted for 48 days.The results showed as follows:1)the body weight at 48 days of age and average daily gain during 22 to 48 days of age and 1 to 48 days of age of pigment 1 group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05),and the feed to gain ratio during 22 to 48 days of age and 1 to 48 days of age of pigment 1 and 2 groups was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).2)For back skin,compared with the control group,the brightness(L^(∗))value at 21 days of age of pigment 2 group was signifi-cantly decreased(P<0.05),and the L^(∗)value of pigment 1 and 2 groups at 45 min after slaughter was signifi-cantly decreased(P<0.05);the redness(a^(∗))value at 35 days of age of pigment 2 group was significantly in-creased(P<0.05),and the a^(∗)value at 45 min and 48 h after slaughter of pigment 1 and 2 groups was signifi-cantly increased(P<0.05);the yellowness(b^(∗))value at 21,35,48 days of age and 45 min and 48 h after slaughter of pigment 1 and 2 groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the b^(∗)value at 21,35 and 48 days of age of pigment 2 group was significantly higher than that of pigment 1 group(P<0.05).3)For ab-dominal skin,compared with the control group,the L^(∗)value at 45 min and 48 h after slaughter of pigment 2 group was significantly decreased(P<0.05);the a^(∗)value at 21 and 48 days of age and 45 min and 48 h after slaughter of pigment 1 and 2 groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the a^(∗)value at 21 days of age of pigment 2 group was significantly higher than that of pigment 1 group(P<0.05);the b^(∗)value at 21,35 and 48 days of age and 45 min and 48 h after slaughter of pigment 1 and 2 groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the b^(∗)value at 21 days of age and 48 h after slaughter of pigment 2 group was significantly higher than that of pigment 1 group(P<0.05).4)For tibia,compared with the control group,the L^(∗)value at 35 days of age of pigment 1 and 2 groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05);the a^(∗)value at 21,35 and 48 days of age of pigment 1 and 2 groups was significantly increased(P<0.05);the b^(∗)value at 21,35 and 48 days of age of pigment 1 and 2 groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the b^(∗)value at 35 and 48 days of age of pigment 2 group was significantly higher than that of pigment 1 group(P<0.05).5)For ab-dominal fat,compared with the control group,the a^(∗)and b^(∗)values at 48 days of age of pigment 1 and 2 groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the b^(∗)value at 48 days of age of pigment 2 group was sig-nificantly higher than that of pigment 1 group(P<0.05).6)Compared with the control group,the gene ex-pression level of BCO2 in skin,liver and kidney of pigment 2 group was significantly increased(P<0.05).In conclusion,the wheat-soybean meal diet supplemented with goldenrod and poinsettia can improve the growth performance and pigmentation effect of skin and abdominal fat in different phases of chickens,and affect the pigment deposition gene expression,and the effect of low supplement level(1000 mg/kg)on growth per-formance is better than that of high supplement level(1000 mg/kg),while the coloring effect of high supple-ment level is better than low supplement level.
作者
范秋丽
陶正国
李辉
王一冰
王君雁
熊太第
张盛
蒋守群
FAN Qiuli;TAO Zhengguo;LI Hui;WANG Yibing;WANG Junyan;XIONG Taidi;ZHANG Sheng;JIANG Shouqun(Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Science,Guangzhou 510640 China;Guangzhou Leader Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510663,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第9期5652-5662,共11页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
现代农业产业技术体系国家肉鸡产业技术体系项目(CARS⁃41)
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1300404)
广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B0202090004)
广东省自然科学基金项目(2021A1515012412,2021A1515010830,2022A1515012069)
广州市科技计划项目(202206010168)
广东省农业科学院科技计划项目(202106TD,R2019PY⁃QF008)。
关键词
金菊黄
一品红
黄羽肉鸡
生长性能
皮肤颜色
腹脂颜色
goldenrod
poinsettia
yellow-feathered chickens
growth performance
skin color
abdominal fat color
