摘要
短道速滑比赛不仅是速度的竞争,更是技术、战略和排名的竞争。《短道速滑技术规则》规定,每一轮比赛的名次直接决定运动员能否晋级下一轮,每一轮的成绩排名直接影响到下一轮出发的起跑位置(道次)。通过梳理2015~2020年国内短道速滑联赛、锦标赛及冠军赛产生的72 725条成绩数据,分析各轮比赛分组、道次和比赛成绩的关系,并剖析运动员出发道次对比赛成绩的影响,为优化运动员技术训练和策略选择提供理论支持。研究得出:随着短道速滑项目距离的变长,最终名次与运动员出发站位之间呈负相关性,建议教练员针对运动员的特点,在500 m比赛中强调全力以赴,速度至上;1 000 m比赛中兼顾出发站位与体能分配;1 500 m比赛中运用跟滑,择机超越。并在尽量降低运动员失误及犯规的同时,确保每一轮比赛都能晋级,从而实现最终的夺冠目的。
Short track speed skating is not only a competition of speed,but also a competition of technique,strategy and ranking.The technical rules of short track speed skating stipulate that the ranking of each round directly determines whether an athlete can advance to the next round,and the performance ranking of each round directly affects the starting position(lane)for the next round of departure.By sorting out 72725 result data generated from domestic short track speed skating leagues,tournaments,and championships from 2015 to 2020,this paper analyzes the relationship between competition groups,the lane number and the race results,and also analyzes the impact of athletes'starting lane number on the race results,so as to provide theoretical support for optimizing the athletes'technical training and strategy selection.The study shows that as the distance of short track speed skating becomes longer,there is a negative correlation between the final ranking and the athletes'starting position.It is suggested that coaches should emphasize on the characteristics of the athletes and emphasize putting all effort and speed first in the 500 meter race;take into account the starting position and physical distribution in the 1000 m race;and use heel skating in the 1500 meter race to overtake at the right time.And while minimizing the errors and fouls of the athletes,the coaches should ensure that they can advance in each round of the race,so as to achieve the ultimate goal of winning the championship.
作者
王金炜
单雨涵
单保海
WANG Jinwei;SHAN Yuhan;SHAN Baohai(Department of Foundation,East University of Heilongjiang,Harbin 150066,China;School of Economics and Management,Heilongjiang Institute of Technology,Harbin 150006,China;Academy of Physical Education Science,Harbin Sport University,Harbin 150008,China)
出处
《冰雪运动》
2023年第4期9-12,17,共5页
China Winter Sports
基金
国家体育总局科技服务课题(2016HT127)。
关键词
短道速滑
皮尔逊相关系数
数据分析
竞赛策略
short track speed skating
Pearson's correlation coefficient
data analysis
competition strategies
