美国选择性投资限制政策的政治逻辑及中国的应对被引量：3

Political Logic of the U.S.Selective Investment Restriction Policy and China's Response

导出

摘要美国政府对华实施的选择性投资限制政策的演变并非“一日之寒”。美国的国际经济政策逐渐走向保护主义,其背后的政治逻辑包括:一是美国与其他大国之间的竞争,即美国在中国成为世界第二大经济体之后,把崛起的中国视为美国的头号战略竞争对手;二是美国政府、国会以及利益集团之间的博弈,即由政府与国会在国际投资政策上的立场不同所导致的博弈背后的党派政治。近年来,这种以选择性投资限制政策为主要内容、主要针对中国企业的外资审查制度严重影响了中美双边直接投资关系的发展。这其中的政治因素已经超越经济因素,成为影响中国企业对美国直接投资的主要障碍。为应对美国政府的选择性投资限制政策,中国企业应该在投资进入方式、时机选择以及地域分布等方面积极探索,并加强对国际政治风险的跟踪和预测。从长远来看,通过重启已处于停滞状态的中美双边投资协定谈判和中美战略与经济对话,以构建一个安全稳定的双边投资关系,是美国唯一的理性选择。 The evolution of the U.S.government's policy of selective investment restrictions on China did not happen overnight.The U.S.interna⁃tional economic policy is gradually moving towards protectionism.There are political logics underneath.Firstly,it is the competition between the U.S.and other major powers,that is,after China became the world's second largest economy,the US regards the rising China as its number one strategic competition.Secondly,it is the game among the U.S.government,Congress,and interest groups,that is,the partisan politics behind the game caused by the different positions of the government and Congress on international investment policies.In recent years,this foreign investment review system,with selective investment restriction policies as the main content,mainly targeting Chinese companies,has seriously affected the development of Sino-U.S.bilateral direct investment relations.Political factors have surpassed economic factors and have become the main obstacle affecting Chinese companies'direct investment in the United States.In response to the U.S.government's selective investment restriction policy,Chinese companies should actively explore investment entry methods,timing selection,and geographical distribution,and strengthen the tracking and forecasting of international political risks.In the long run,it is the only rational choice for the United States to build a safe and stable bilateral investment relationship by resuming the stagnant China-U.S.bilateral investment treaty negotiations and the Sino-U.S.strategic and economic dialogue.

作者王冠楠项卫星 WANG Guan-nan;XIANG Wei-xing

机构地区吉林大学经济学院吉林大学国家发展与安全研究院吉林大学美国研究所

出处《东北亚论坛》 CSSCI 北大核心 2023年第5期84-98,128,共16页 Northeast Asia Forum

基金教育部人文社科青年基金项目(19YJC790133)。

关键词美国外资审查制度选择性投资限制政策中美竞争政治逻辑中国企业 United States Foreign Investment Review System Selective Investment Restriction Policies Sino-U.S.Competition Political Logic Chinese Enterprises

分类号 D815 [政治法律—国际关系]