摘要
中国经济从高速增长转向高质量发展阶段,协同实现城乡居民收入差距缩小与碳排放强度下降,是“公平”与“效率”兼顾的重要内涵。在构建城乡居民收入差距影响碳排放强度机制基础上,基于1998—2019年省级尺度面板数据,定量探讨中国城乡居民收入差距对碳排放强度的影响,并采用中介效应模型、调节效应模型探析作用机制。结果表明:城乡居民收入差距扩大带来碳排放强度上升,且经过多重稳健性检验依然成立。在影响机制分析发现,城乡居民收入差距通过影响城镇化、抑制创新发展、强化资源错配等带来碳排放强度增加,且市场化水平、政府行为在二者关系中呈现显著调节效应。城乡居民收入差距的碳排放强度效应呈现显著时空异质性:一方面,表现为1998—2011年显著正效应与2012—2019年不显著负效应差异;另一方面,表现为东部不显著负效应、中西部显著正效应对比。在要素驱动的经济增长过程中,应发挥“有效市场”与“有为政府”协调作用,通过优化城镇化模式、提升创新发展质量、推动城乡一体化发展等,在进一步缩小城乡居民收入差距中实现“公平”与“效率”兼顾,助力中国经济高质量发展。
Since the reform and opening-up in the late 1970s,China's economy has continued to grow rapidly and has become the world's second largest economy.However,the long-term unbalanced development policy and the inefficient development model have brought many negative effects to China's economic and social development.Typically,the regional development gap dominated by the urban-rural residents income gap continues to expand,and the ecological environment is rapidly deteriorating,which is characterized by a sharp increase in the scale of carbon emissions.In the process of factor-driven economic growth,unreasonable factor allocation structure is one of the important factors that lead to the large urban-rural residents income gap and carbon emission intensity in China.China's economy has shifted from high-speed growth to high-quality development.Whether the urban-rural residents income gap and the carbon emission intensity can be reduced in coordination,has become an important connotation of both"equity"and"efficiency".By constructing the mechanism of urban-rural residents income gap affecting carbon emission intensity,this research quantitatively explores the effect of urban-rural residents income gap on carbon emission intensity based on provincial-level panel data from 1998 to 2019.On this basis,the mediation effect model and the moderation effect model are used to explore the mechanism of the urbanrural residents income gap affecting the carbon emission intensity.The results show that the widening of the urban-rural income gap leads to an increase in carbon emission intensity.And after multiple robustness tests,this conclusion is still significant.The analysis of the impact mechanism shows that the urban-rural income gap increases carbon emission intensity by affecting urbanization,innovation development,and resource misallocation,and the levels of marketization and government behavior have significant moderating effects.For a large country in rapid development with a vast territory and significant regional disparities,the effect of urban-rural residents income gap on carbon emission intensity exhibits significant spatial and temporal heterogeneity:On the one hand,there is a significant positive effect in 1998-2011 and no significant negative effect in 2012-2019.On the other hand,there is no significant negative effect in the east and a significant positive effect in the central and western regions.Therefore,we should give full play to the coordination role of"effective market"and"promising government",and achieve both"equity"and"efficiency"in narrowing the urbanrural residents income gap by optimizing the urbanization model,improving the quality of innovative development,and promoting the urban-rural integrated development.However,it must be emphasized that the formulation and implementation of relevant policies should fully consider the local development.For example,the eastern region should focus on optimizing the industrial structure,while the central and western regions should still focus on narrowing the urban-rural residents income gap through the reform of the income distribution system.
作者
闫东升
孙伟
李平星
YAN Dong-sheng;SUN Wei;LI Ping-xing(School of Public Administration,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China;Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,CAS,Nanjing 210008,China)
出处
《自然资源学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第9期2403-2417,共15页
Journal of Natural Resources
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42101183,41871209,41871119)
江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项项目(BK20220014)。
关键词
城乡居民收入差距
碳排放强度
效应
机制
异质性
urban-rural residents income gap
carbon emission intensity
effect
mechanism
heterogeneity
