摘要
目的了解山东省开展全民健康生活方式宣传活动的效果,为今后有效开展全民健康生活方式行动宣传工作提供科学依据。方法收集2020年山东省开展全民健康生活方式行动评估调查的数据,在山东省16地市各随机抽取1个县(市、区),每个县(市、区)随机抽取400名18岁以上居民,对纳入研究的6400名居民开展全民健康生活方式问卷调查。分析调查对象对健康生活方式相关知识知晓率和行为持有比例,比较城市、农村居民对健康生活方式相关知识知晓率和行为持有比例的差异,分析健康生活方式相关知识知晓和健康行为的关系。结果共发放问卷6400份,回收有效问卷6081份,有效应答率为95.01%。居民对全民健康生活方式行动知识知晓率最高的是减盐标志(75.07%),对健康生活方式知识知晓率最高的成人食盐推荐摄入量(68.21%),对健康生活方式行为持有比例最高的是每日摄入新鲜蔬菜(83.49%)。城市居民对全民健康生活方式行动、健康“一二一”行动、全民行动标志、减盐标志、成人食盐、食用油、添加糖推荐摄入量等知识的知晓率高于农村居民(χ^(2)值分别为51.301、83.262、211.517、211.319、82.591、158.266、178.939,P均<0.01),城市居民使用定量盐勺、使用控油壶、自觉控制食用油摄入、每日摄入新鲜水果、通过手机App关注每日运动量、自觉控制体质量等行为比例均高于农村居民(χ^(2)值分别为15.036、43.082、52.329、48.890、151.816、53.607,P<0.01)。但城市居民经常食用甜味零食或含糖饮料、经常食用油腻食品、缺乏体育锻炼、静坐时间过长、经常熬夜等不健康生活习惯行为比例高于农村居民(χ^(2)值分别为57.330、80.234、67.614、181.402、47.424,P<0.01)。结论全民健康生活方式宣传活动提高了山东省居民健康相关知识知晓率和行为持有比例,知晓全民健康相关知识的居民更多地采取健康行为。城市居民对多种健康生活方式知识的知晓率和行为的持有比例高于农村居民,城乡居民整体健康素养仍有差距。
Objective To understand the effect of publicity campaign of China Healthy Lifestyle for All(CHLA)project in Shandong province,so as to provide scientific basis for CHLA in the future.Methods The data were from evaluation survey of CHLA of Shandong province in 2020.The simple random sampling method was used to select 1 county(district)from each of the 16 cities in Shandong province,and to select 400 permanent residents aged 18-69 and above from each county(district).A universal healthy lifestyle questionnaire was administered to 6400 residents included in the study.The residents'awareness rate and behavior holding ratio of healthy lifestyle were analyzed,and the differences of residents'awareness rate and behavior holding ratio of healthy lifestyle in urban and rural area were compared,and the relationship between knowledge awareness of healthy lifestyle and healthy behavior was analyzed.Results A total of 6400 questionnaires were sent out,and 6081 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective response rate of 95.01%.The highest awareness rate among residents of the national healthy lifestyle action knowledge was the salt reduction sign(75.07%),the recommended salt intake for adults with the highest awareness rate of healthy lifestyle knowledge(68.21%),and the daily intake of fresh vegetables(83.49%)held the highest proportion of healthy lifestyle behavior.The awareness rate of urban residents on the CHLA,the health“one two one”,the sign of action for all,the sign of salt reduction,recommended intake of salt,edible oil and added sugar for adults were higher than those of rural residents.The differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=51.301,83.262,211.517,211.319,82.591,158.266,178.939,P<0.01).The proportion of urban residents using quantitative salt spoon,using oil control pot,consciously controling edible oil intake,daily intake of fresh fruit,paying attention to daily exercise amount through mobile APP,consciously controling body mass and other behaviors were higher than those of rural residents.The differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=15.036,43.082,52.329,48.890,151.816,53.607,P<0.01).But the rate of eating sweet snacks or sugary drinks,eating greasy food,lacking of physical exercise,siting for a long time,staying up late and other unhealthy living habits of urban residents were higher than those of rural residents.The differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=57.330,80.234,67.614,181.402,47.424,P<0.01).Conclusion The CHLA has improved the rates of health-related knowledge and behavior among urban and rural residents.Residents who know about the healthy knowledge are more likely to adopt healthy behaviors.The awareness rate and behavior holding ratio relate to healthy lifestyle of urban residents are mostly higher than those of rural residents,and there is still a gap in the overall health literacy in residents of urban and rural area.
作者
徐聪
陈先献
任杰
董静
高丛丛
杨特
郭晓雷
XU Cong;CHEN Xian-xian;REN Jie;DONG Jing;GAO Cong-cong;YANG Te;GUO Xiao-lei(Department of Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinan,Shandong 250014,China)
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2023年第8期561-566,共6页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
基金
山东省疾病预防控制中心青年创新基金项目(QC-2022-05)。
关键词
健康生活方式
健康知识
健康行为
城市
农村
Healthy life style
Healthy knowledge
Healthy behavior
City
Countryside
