摘要
目的了解2018-2022年山东省枣庄市食源性疾病病原体感染情况及流行趋势,为防控食源性疾病提供科学依据。方法收集山东省枣庄市负责主动监测哨点医院2018-2022年就诊的食源性疾病病例信息,采集就诊病例的粪便或肛拭标本,检测其沙门氏菌、副溶血性弧菌、志贺氏菌、致泻大肠埃希氏菌及诺如病毒检出情况。结果哨点医院采集1217例腹泻病例的粪便或肛拭子标本,其中检出病原体217株,总检出率为17.83%(217/1217),诺如病毒检出率最高,为8.22%(100/1217),以诺如Ⅱ型为主;其次为副溶血性弧菌6.49%(79/1217)、沙门氏菌2.71%(33/1217)、志贺氏菌0.25%(3/1217)、致泻大肠埃希氏菌0.16%(2/1217)。第三季度的病原体检出率最高(21.58%),其次为第二季度(15.38%),呈现典型的夏秋季高峰。不同年度、季度病例病原体检出率有差异(χ^(2)值分别为26.658、24.582,P<0.05)。21~30岁年龄组病原体检出率最高,为22.98%(57/248)。高危人群主要集中在托幼儿童(42.86%),可疑食品占比前三的依次为肉与肉制品20.71%(252/1217)、混合食品17.67%(215/1217)、水果类及其制品16.93%(206/1217)。食物加工方式以家庭自制为主56.53%(688/1217),来源以农贸市场为主29.91%(364/1217)。不同购买场所病例病原体总检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=31.458,P<0.05)。结论诺如病毒和副溶血性弧菌是2018-2022年山东省枣庄市食源性疾病的主要病原体,托幼儿童检出率最高,可疑饮食主要为肉与肉制品,混合食品,以家庭自制食品为主。
Objective To understand the infection status of foodborne disease pathogens and epidemiological characteristics in Zaozhuang city,Shandong province from 2018 to 2022,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases.Methods Data on foodborne disease cases visiting sentinel hospitals in Zaozhuang city,Shandong practice from 2018 to 2022 was collected,and focal or anal swabs of the cases were collected to detect Salmonella,Vibrio parahemolyticus,Shigella,diarrheagenic Escherichiacoli and norovirus.Results In the sentinel hospitals,stool or anal swab specimens were collected from 1217 diarrhea cases,in which 217 strains of pathogens were detected,with a total detection rate of 17.83%(217/1217),and the highest detection rate of norovirus was 8.22%(100/1217),with norovirus type II predominating;followed by Vibrio parahaemolyticus at 6.49%(79/1217),Salmonella at 2.71%(33/1217),Shigella at 0.25%(3/1217),and diarrhea-causing Escherichia coli at 0.16%(2/1217).The highest rate of pathogen detection was in the third quarter(21.58%),showing obvious peak in summer and autumn.There were differences in the detection rate of pathogens among cases in different years and quarters(χ^(2)=26.658,24.582,P<0.05).The highest pathogen detection rate was 22.98%(57/248)in 21-30 years old group.The high-risk group was mainly concentrated in nursery children(42.86%),and the top 3 suspect food items were meat and meat products 20.71%(252/1217),mixed foods 17.67%(215/1217),and fruits and their products 16.93%(206/1217).The food processing method was mainly home-made 56.53%(688/1217)and the source was mainly farmers'market 29.91%(364/1217).The difference in the total detection rate of pathogens in cases from different places of purchase was statistically significant(χ^(2)=31.458,P<0.05).Conclusion Norovirus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus are the main pathogens of foodborne diseases in Zaozhuang city,Shandong province from 2018 to 2022,with the highest detection rate in nursery children,and suspicious food mainly consisting of meat and meat products,mixed foods,and predominantly home-made foods.
作者
王盼盼
何靖蕾
陶永
马伟
边长玲
张倩倩
朱京京
WANG Pan-pan;HE Jing-lei;TAO Yong;MA Wei;BIAN Chang-ling;ZHANG Qian-qian;ZHU Jing-jing(School of Public Health,Shandong University,Jinan,Shandong 250012,China;Food Nutrition and Environmental Hygiene Monitoring Section,Zaozhuang City Center for Disease Control and Prevention)
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2023年第8期610-615,共6页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
关键词
食源性疾病
主动监测
病原学
可疑食品
疾病控制
Foodborne disease
Active surveillance
Etiology
Suspicious food
Disease control
