摘要
提高农民收入与农业生产技术效率是促进共同富裕、实现农业高质量发展的关键。文章基于2004—2019年省级面板数据,使用SFA测算农业生产技术效率,并构建技术效率方程,从收入结构视角分析农民收入对农业生产技术效率的影响路径。结果表明:我国农业生产技术效率逐年上升,整体表现为东高西低走势,但存在严重的效率损失;农民收入与农业生产技术效率间存在着“U”型非线性关系,整体上农民收入会促进农业生产技术效率;全国劳动力价格普遍呈现正向扭曲。机制分析表明,农民收入会通过加剧劳动力价格扭曲与激励科技创新两条路径分别抑制和提升农业生产技术效率,在收入增长前期主要体现为劳动力价格扭曲效应,而在收入增长后期,科技创新效应占主导优势,因此鼓励科技创新是当前提升农业生产技术效率的有效途径;地区间存在异质性,东部地区是影响全国农业生产技术效率的主要区域,影响程度大于中部与西部。结合以上结论,最后给出因地制宜农业耕作、优化劳动力资源配置、促进农业技术科技人才培养的建议。
Improving farmers’income and agricultural production technology efficiency is the key to promoting common prosperity and achieving high-quality agricultural development.The article is based on provincial panel data from 2004 to 2019,uses SFA to calculate agricultural production technology efficiency,and constructs a technology efficiency equation to analyze the impact path of farmers’income on agricultural production technology efficiency from the perspective of income structure.The results indicate that the technological efficiency of agricultural production in China has been increasing year by year,with an overall trend of high in the eastern regions and low in the western regions,but there are serious efficiency losses.There is a“U”shaped nonlinear rela⁃tionship between farmers’income and agricultural production technology efficiency,and overall,farmers’income can promote agri⁃cultural production technology efficiency.The national labor price is generally showing a positive distortion.Mechanism analysis shows that farmers’income will suppress and improve agricultural production technology efficiency through two paths:intensifying labor price distortion and stimulating technological innovation.In the early stage of income growth,the labor price distortion effect is mainly reflected,while in the later stage of income growth,technological innovation effect dominates.Therefore,encouraging technological innovation is an effective way to improve agricultural production technology efficiency at present;There is heterogene⁃ity among regions,and the eastern region is the main region that affects the efficiency of agricultural production technology nation⁃wide,with a greater degree of impact than the central and western regions.Based on the above conclusions,suggestions are given for adapting agricultural cultivation to local conditions,optimizing labor resource allocation,and promoting the cultivation of agri⁃cultural technology and technology talents.
作者
曾明耀
宋山梅
Zeng Mingyao;Song Shanmei(School of Economics,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;School of Management,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550081.Guizhou,China)
出处
《新疆农垦经济》
2023年第10期1-12,77,共13页
Xinjiang State Farms Economy
基金
国家社科基金项目(项目编号:15BRK027)。
关键词
农民收入
农业生产技术效率
劳动力价格扭曲
科技创新
SFA
farmers’income
technical efficiency of agricultural production
distorted labor prices
technological innovation
SFA
