摘要
【目的】探究云南清香型烟叶在自然醇化进程中的化学成分变化规律及其品种间差异。【方法】应用近红外光谱分析技术,分别检测K326和红花大金元品种的中部烟叶在打叶复烤后0、12、24、36个月的含氮类化合物、含糖类化合物、石油醚提取物等含量,分析化学成分在时间节点上的变化情况,并结合感官质量评吸和可用性评价的方法进行最佳醇化期判定。【结果】云南清香型烟叶在0、12、24、36个月的醇化时间节点上,K326和红花大金元品种的总氮、烟碱、总挥发碱、总糖、多酚总量及两糖差、糖碱比和pH均逐步降低,且不同品种间的以上指标数值在设定时间点上的降幅均不同。在醇化至36个月时(相对于醇化0个月时),K326品种总氮、烟碱、可挥发性碱含量降幅分别为20.26%、31.68%、30.00%,红花大金元品种分别为15.28%、23.08%、31.58%;K326品种总糖含量和pH降幅分别为3.57%、8.70%,红花大金元品种分别为7.01%、7.33%;石油醚提取物含量和还原糖含量2个品种均较醇化至12个月时提高;两糖差(总糖-还原糖)、糖碱比(总糖/烟碱)和多酚总量2个品种均较醇化至0个月时降低。【结论】云南清香型烟叶在云南醇化时,同一醇化时间点上的不同品种烟叶的化学成分变化规律总体一致,但各指标数值的变化幅度随品种的不同而表现出差异性,通过感官质量评吸和可用性评价验证,红花大金元品种醇化至12个月和24个月时的可用性均较好,K326品种在醇化至24个月时的可用性较好。
【Objective】The study aimed to explore the changes of chemical composition in Yunnan clear-flavored tobacco leaves and the differences between varieties with the process of natural aging.【Method】Near infrared spectroscopy was used to detect the contents of nitrogen and carbohydrate compounds and petroleum ether extracts in central tobacco leaves of K326 and Honghuadajinyuan varieties at 0,12,24 and 36 months after recurring.The changes of chemical constituents at time nodes were analyzed and the optimal mellow period was determined by sensory quality evaluation and availability evaluation.【Result】The total nitrogen,nicotine,total volatile base,total sugar,total polyphenol,two sugars difference,sugar base ratio and pH of K326 and Honghuadajinyuan varieties gradually decreased during 0,12,24 and 36 months of aging,and the decreasing amplitude of the above indexes was different among different varieties at the set time point.After 36 months of aging,the total nitrogen,nicotine,volatile base,the total sugar content and pH of K326 decreased by 20.26%,31.68%,30.00%,3.57% and 8.70%,respectively.While the total nitrogen,nicotine,volatile base,the total sugar content and pH of Honghuadajinyuan variety decreased by 15.28%,23.08%,31.58%,7.01% and 7.33%,respectively.The contents of petroleum ether extract and reducing sugar of two varieties were higher than those aged for 12 months,and the differences between the two sugars(total sugar-reducing sugar),sugar base ratio(total sugar/nicotine) and total polyphenols of two varieties were lower than those aged for 0 month.【Conclusion】When Yunnan clear flavor tobacco leaves were melded in Yunnan,the chemical composition changes of different varieties of tobacco leaves at the same melding time point were generally consistent,but the variation amplitude of each index was different with different varieties.Through sensory quality and availability evaluation,the availability of Honghuadajinyuan varieties was good at 12 months and 24 months after melding.The availability of K326 was better when it was aged to 24 months.
作者
王发勇
王玉真
刘泽
祁林
刘继辉
王金宏
华一崑
汪显国
杨晶津
WANG Fa-yong;WANG Yu-zhen;LIU Ze;QI Lin;LIU Ji-hui;WANG Jin-hong;HUA Yi-kun;WANG Xian-guo;YANG Jing-jin(Hongyun Honghe Tobacco(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650231,China;China Tobacco Yunnan Industry Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650011,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第8期1671-1676,共6页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
中国烟草总公司基金项目[110201901030(FK-01)]
云南省科技人才与平台计划(202205AD160048)
红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司科技项目(HYHH2021GY02,HYHH2021GY09)。
关键词
云南烟叶
品种
自然醇化
化学成分
变化规律
Yunnan tobacco
Varieties
Natural aging
Chemical composition
Change rule
