摘要
膝关节骨性关节炎(KOA)是一种膝关节退行性病变,多见于中老年人群,以关节周围骨赘生成、软骨下骨质硬化、膝关节内软骨退化为特征,具体表现为膝关节疼、热、肿、红、功能障碍等,病情严重的患者会出现关节功能障碍、关节内骨折、关节畸形等,最终丧失膝关节功能,给社会及家庭均带来沉重负担。手术治疗KOA创伤性较大,术后并发症较多,并不能达到预期的治疗效果,且安全性较低,患者不易接受。玻璃酸钠属于多糖体生物材料,是关节滑液与软骨基质的主要组成成分,在关节腔中注入玻璃酸钠,可在患者痛觉感受器表面形成一层膜,刺激内源性玻璃酸钠生成,从而起到软化关节腔、保护关节软骨、促进病理性关节液吸收、减轻关节炎症反应的作用。本文对玻璃酸钠治疗KOA的作用机制、注意事项、不良反应等展开综述,以期为KOA的治疗提供更多有效、科学的参考依据。
Knee osteoarthritis(KOA)is a degenerative disease of the knee joint,which is more common in middle-aged and elderly people.It is characterized by periarticular osteophyte formation,subchondral osteosclerosis and cartilage degeneration within the knee joint.Specific manifestations include knee joint pain,heat,swelling,redness,dysfunction,etc.,patients with severe disease will experience joint dysfunction,intra-articular fractures,joint deformities,etc.,and eventually lose knee joint function,bringing a heavy burden to the society and families.Surgical treatment of KOA is more traumatic and has many postoperative complications,which can not achieve the expected therapeutic effect,and is less safe and difficult for patients to accept.Sodium hyaluronate is a polysaccharide biomaterial and is the main component of joint synovial fluid and cartilage matrix.Injecting sodium hyaluronate into the joint cavity can form a film on the surface of the patient's pain receptors and stimulate the production of endogenous sodium hyaluronate.So it plays a role in soften the joint cavity,protect the articular cartilage,promote the absorption of pathological joint fluid,reduce joint inflammation.This article reviews the mechanism of action,precautions,and adverse reactions of sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of KOA,in order to provide more effective and scientific reference basis for the treatment of KOA.
作者
李欣
LI Xin(Department of Pain,Tianjin Ninghe District Panzhuang Hospital,Tianjin 301508,China)
出处
《中国城乡企业卫生》
2023年第9期18-20,共3页
Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene
关键词
膝关节骨性关节炎
关节腔注射
玻璃酸钠
作用机制
Knee osteoarthritis
Articular cavity injection
Sodium hyaluronate
Mechanism of action
