摘要
间接征收的认定已经成为国际投资领域的热点问题,其关系到东道国与投资者利益之间的平衡,而间接征收例外的判断是间接征收认定的关键步骤。间接征收例外的设置旨在维护东道国在重大公共利益下的合法管理外资的权力,即使这类措施符合间接征收行为的构成要件,也无需向投资者支付任何补偿。界定间接征收例外的范围时没有必要引入美国判例法上的警察权概念,否则警察权范围本身的模糊性将会使这个问题无解。间接征收例外普遍是基于公共安全、健康、环境的公共福利目标对间接征收行为的排除,但其必须存在“例外之例外”的限制以避免滥用,否则将会过分倾向于保护东道国的利益。我国应充分利用国际投资协定这一法律工具,进一步完善国际投资协定中的间接征收例外条款,将间接征收例外的范围予以具体化,并合理解释间接征收例外之例外,以期增强我国应对间接征收双重风险的能力。
The identification of indirect expropriation has become a hot issue in the field of international investment,which is related to the balance between the interests of the host country and the investors.The identification of the exception of indirect expropriation is a key step in the identification of indirect expropriation.The indirect expropriation exception is designed to safeguard the host country's legal right to manage foreign capital in the significant public interest.Even if such measures meet the constitutive requirements of indirect expropriation,no compensation should be paid to the investor.It is not necessary to add the concept of police power in American case law when defining the scope of indirect expropriation exception,otherwise the ambiguity of the scope of police power itself will make this problem unsolved.The indirect expropriation exception is generally based on the public welfare goals of public safety,health and environment,but it must have the restriction of"exception of exception"to avoid abuse,otherwise it will excessively tend to protect the interests of the host country.China should make full use of the international investment agreement as a legal instrument,further improve the indirect expropriation exception clause in the international investment agreement,specify the scope of the indirect expropriation exception,and rationally explain the exception of the indirect expropriation exception,so as to enhance our ability to deal with the double risk of indirect expropriation.
作者
王涵
WANG Han(School of Law,Nankai University,TianJin 300350,China)
出处
《未来与发展》
2023年第10期35-40,共6页
Future and Development
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“引进外资与对外投资两大开放战略的协调机制与政策研究”
最高人民法院2019年度司法案例研究项目“国际贸易典型案例研究”。
关键词
间接征收例外
警察权
重大公共利益
比例原则
the exception of indirect expropriation
police power
major public interest
proportionality principle
