摘要
异麦芽酮糖(又称“帕拉金糖”)是由1分子葡萄糖和1分子果糖以α-1,6糖苷键连接形成的还原型二糖,将异麦芽酮糖氢化还原后可以制得异麦芽酮糖醇(又称“帕拉金糖醇”),是国际上新兴的功能性食用糖醇。异麦芽酮糖醇是1种包含2种立体异构体即α-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1,6)-D-山梨醇(GPS)和α-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1,1)-D-甘露醇二水合物(GPM)的白色晶状混合物。根据GPS和GPM比例的不同,主要有ISOMALT ST、ISOMALT GS、ISOMALT DC和ISOMALT LM 4种不同的产品。异麦芽酮糖醇是迄今为止唯一完全由蔗糖衍生获得的二元糖醇,其口感近似于蔗糖,甜度约为蔗糖的45%,热值为蔗糖的50%,具有化学性质稳定、不致龋齿、摄取后不会导致血糖和胰岛素水平波动等优点,可以作为蔗糖的健康替代品。对异麦芽酮糖醇的生理功能、工业制造及应用现状进行了梳理,系统介绍了异麦芽酮糖醇的制造工艺路线(生物催化法和加氢还原技术),并重点介绍了异麦芽酮糖醇生物合成过程的关键酶——蔗糖异构酶的结构、催化机理和分子改造等方面的研究进展,以期为相关研究工作的开展和工业化生产提供指导。
Isomaltolose,also known as palatinose,is a reductive disaccharide formed by theα-1,6 glycosidic linkage of one glucose molecule and one fructose molecule.Isomalt(palatinit)can be obtained by hydrogenating and reducing isomaltulose and is an emerging functional edible sugar alcohol.Isomalt consists of two stereoisomers,α-D-pyranose glucose-(1,6)-D-sorbitol(GPS),andα-D-pyranose glucose-(1,1)-D-mannitol dihydrate(GPM),forming a white crystalline mixture.Depending on the ratio of GPS to GPM,isomalt can be classified into four primary products:ISOMALT ST,ISOMALT GS,ISOMALT DC,and ISOMALT LM.Isomalt is the only disaccharide sugar alcohol entirely derived from sucrose,with a taste profile resembling sucrose.It exhibits approximately 45%of the sweetness of sucrose and provides 50%of its calorific value.Notably,isomalt offers advantages such as chemical stability,non-cariogenic properties,and minimal impact on blood glucose and insulin levels after consumption,making it a viable and healthy alternative to sucrose.The physiological functions,industrial manufacturing,and current applications of isomalt were reviewed.The production processes(biocatalysis and hydrogenation technology)of isomalt were systematically introduced.The research progress on the key enzyme sucrose isomerase,involved in isomalt biosynthesis,including its structure,catalytic mechanism,and molecular modification were elaborated,providing valuable guidance for further research and industrial-scale production in this field.
作者
金利群
沈骥冬
柳志强
郑裕国
JIN Liqun;SHEN Jidong;LIU Zhiqiang;ZHENG Yuguo(College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering/National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals/Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310014,China)
出处
《食品科学技术学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期9-19,共11页
Journal of Food Science and Technology
基金
浙江省“万人计划”科技创新领军人才项目(2022R52041)。
关键词
甜味剂
功能性糖醇
异麦芽酮糖醇
蔗糖异构酶
化学加氢
sweetener
functional sugar alcohol
isomalt
sucrose isomerase
chemical hydrogenation
